ppt 3 WE related to muscular system Flashcards
is a biological system in the human body responsible for movement, posture, stability, and various bodily functions.
Muscular System
It is composed of muscles and tendons, which work together to enable voluntary and involuntary movements.
Muscular System
The human body has approximately ____ to _____
muscles, depending on how they are classified.
600 to 650
is a complex network of tissues responsible for
movement, stability, and various bodily functions.
Muscular System
Muscular System is composed of ______ and ________, which work together to enable ________ and __________
movements.
muscles and tendons
voluntary, involuntary
Muscular system consists of three main types of muscle tissue:
Skeletal Muscles
Cardiac Muscles
Smooth Muscles
Muscular System Types of Movements
Flexion/Extension
Pronation/Supination
Abduction/Adduction
Rotation
Circumduction
Dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
Inversion/eversion
my/o
muscle
muscul/o
muscle
in/o
fiber
fasci/o
fascia
ten/o, tendin/o
tendon
ton/o
tone
erg/o
work
kin/o-, kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o
movement
inflammation of muscle
myositis
muscle arrangement in a part or the whole body
musculature
acting on (muscle) fibers
inotropic
binding (suture) of a fascia to a tendon or other fascia
fasciodesis
ossification of a tendon
tenostosis
having a strengthening action on the heart muscle
cardiotonic
study of the efficient use of energy during work
ergonomics
movement
kinesis
Muscle function may be affected by disorders elsewhere, particularly in the ___________
and ___________.
nervous system and connective tissue
Common Muscular Disorders:
1.Muscular Dystrophy
2.Multiple-System Disorders Involving Muscles
3.Stress Injuries
it refers to a group of hereditary diseases involving progressive, noninflammatory muscular degeneration.
Muscular dystrophy
There is weakness and wasting of muscle tissue
with its gradual replacement by connective tissue and fat.
Muscular dystrophy
is inflammation of skeletal muscle leading to weakness, frequently associated with dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing) or cardiac problems
Polymyositis
Polymyositis is inflammation of skeletal
muscle leading to weakness, frequently
associated with ________ (difficulty in
swallowing) or cardiac problems.
dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
dysphagia
When the skin is involved, the condition is
termed
dermatomyositis
is a difficult-to-diagnose condition involving the muscles. It is associated with widespread muscle aches, tenderness, and stiffness, along with fatigue and sleep disorders in the absence of
neurologic abnormalities or any other known
cause.
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)
involves persistent fatigue of no known cause that may be associated with impaired memory, sore throat, painful lymph nodes, muscle and joint pain, headaches, sleep problems, and immune disorders. Epstein- Barr virus (the cause of mononucleosis), herpesvirus, and other viruses have been suggested as possible causes.
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
is an acquired autoimmune disease in which antibodies interfere with muscle stimulation at the neuromuscular junction.
Myasthenia gravis (MG)
is a progressive degeneration of motor neurons that leads to muscle atrophy (amyotrophy).
Early signs are weakness, cramping, and muscle
twitching.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is also named as
Lou Gehrig disease
occurs when one or more of the four rotator cuff muscles—supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis—are strained, torn, or inflamed
Rotator cuff (RTC) injury
it involves the tendons of the finger flexor
muscles and the nerves that supply the hand
and fingers
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
This is a painful snapping,
triggering, or locking of a finger as it is
moved. It is caused by inflammation and
swelling of the flexor tendon sheath at the
metacarpophalangeal joint that prevents the
tendon from sliding back and forth.
Trigger finger
is common in athletes who stop and start running suddenly. It is treated with stretching and strengthening activities.
Pulled Hamstring
is the inflammation of the Achilles tendon, the large tendon that connects the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) to the heel bone (calcaneus).
Achilles tendinitis
Muscular System Diagnostic Procedures:
Electromyography
Muscle Biopsy
Myonometry
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Muscular System Therapeutic Procedures:
Fasciotomy
Myorrhapy
Myotomy
Tenolysis
Tendoplasty
Tenodesis
Procedure used to record and analyze
the electrical activity in a muscle
Electromyography
A small sample of muscle tissue is removed for
microscopic examination.
Muscle Biopsy
Used to diagnose muscular dystrophies,
inflammatory myopathies, and metabolic disorders.
Muscle Biopsy
Measures muscle tone, stiffness, and
elasticity.
Myotonometry
Used for assessing muscle function in
rehabilitation and neuromuscular
disorders.
Myotonometry
Provide detailed images of muscles, tendons, and surrounding tissues.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Used to detect muscle tears, inflammation, tumors, or degenerative changes.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Process of making a surgical incision in a
fascia
Fasciotomy
a surgical procedure that involves the suturing (stitching) of a muscle. It is typically performed to repair muscle tears, lacerations, or incisions made during surgery.
Myorrhaphy
A surgical procedure that involves the
cutting or incision of a muscle to relieve
abnormal muscle tightness, spasms, or
restricted movement
Myotomy
is a surgical procedure used to release
adhesions or scar tissue around a tendon, restoring its movement and function
Tenolysis
A surgical procedure performed to repair
or reconstruct a damaged or weakened
tendon.
Tendoplasty
A surgical procedure in which a tendon is reattached to a different bone or location to
restore function, relieve pain, or improve stability.
Tenodesis
possible causes of CFS:
Epstein- Barr virus (the cause of mononucleosis), herpesvirus
Early signs of Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
weakness, cramping, muscle twitching
Four rotator cuff muscles:
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
