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Police Goulburn > PPP112 - Exam Study > Flashcards

PPP112 - Exam Study Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Core police Objective?

A

Prevent and detect crime through presence and application of good investigative techniques to search for the truth.

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2
Q

How does critical thinking relate to the investigation process and the ‘search for the truth’?

A

Thinking about what one piece of evidence means in respect to another. Does one piece support the other; does it contradict another piece of evidence?

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3
Q

How does decision making relate to the investigation process and the ‘search for the truth’?

A

Deciding to prosecute someone, based on a search of information supported by evidence which supports the proofs/elements of an offence – such a process helps the investigator to establish the truth.

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4
Q

Scientific method?

A

Observing, thinking about and solving problems,
objectively and systematically.
Uncovering inculpatory & exculpatory evidence.

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5
Q

What are the steps of the Scientific method of investigation?

A
  1. State the problem
  2. Form the hypothesis based on initial observations
  3. Collect data by observing and experimenting
  4. Interpret the data as a test of the hypothesis
  5. If data supports hypothesis so far, continue to collect additional data
  6. Draw conclusions
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6
Q

What are the three sources of evidence?

A

People
Physical
Records

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7
Q

What to do when dealing with people evidence?

A 
Separate witnesses
Their versions may be different
Canvass the area
Use media/other sources
Interview offenders
Be accurate
Informants and community sources
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8
Q

What is policing intelligence?

A

Information that is of value is intelligence once it has been analysed
Information + Analysis = Intelligence

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9
Q

What is a crime scene?

A

Is the area surrounding a site that a criminal act took place where evidence may be found.

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10
Q

Primary crime scene?

A

Is the area where the offence occurred.

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11
Q

Secondary crime scene?

A

Is where evidence may be found that relates to the offence that occurred

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12
Q

What are the priorities when arriving to the crime scene?

A
  1. Identify and assess the hazards
  2. Check for signs of life
  3. Render/organise first aid
  4. Determine the nature & size of the crime scene
  5. Determine an entry point not used by suspect
  6. Remove all people via entry point & record witness particulars
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13
Q

What are the 5 common sense factors?

A
  1. Stop
  2. Look
  3. Listen
  4. Smell
  5. Think
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14
Q

Who can enter the crime scene? If you are not sure?

A

People who have a genuine reason for attending. Refuse entry until checked with lead investigator.

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15
Q

What records are to be kept of crime scene entry?

A

Crime scene log containing: name, number, time & date, reason for entry.

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16
Q

Section 88

A

Legislated powers to establish a crime scene on PREMISES.
Provided you are there lawfully
Whilst there to exercise crime scene powers; and
Stay on the premises for those purposes

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17
Q

Section 89

A

States that crime scene may be established in a public place without a warrant.
All the provisions of LEPRA regarding crimes sense still apply.

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18
Q

Section 90

A

Specifies when such crime scenes can be established if a police officer suspects on reasonable grounds that an offence committed in connection:

  1. A traffic accident resulting in death or serious injury
  2. A serious indictable offence being/was/may have been committed on the premises.
  3. Evidence of a serious indictable offence that may have been committed elsewhere.
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19
Q

Section 95 subsection (1)

A

(a-p) sets out the functions a police officer is permitted to exercise:
• (a) to (f) relate specifically to the protection of the crime scene; whilst
• (g) to (p) relate to investigatory functions

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20
Q

Section 95 subsection (2)

A
  • Gives police power to remove the ‘thing’ from the crime scene when it is found
  • Power to guard the ‘thing’ in or on the crime scene.
21
Q

Section 95 subsection (3)

A

Owners consent to do so.

22
Q

Section 91

A

Crime scene establishment

23
Q

Section 92

A

Excercising powers at crime scene

24
Q

Section 93

A

Senior officer notification

25
Q

Section 94

A

Crime scene warrants

26
Q

Section 95a

A

Stolen vehicles

27
Q

Section 96

A

Obstruction & hindrance

28
Q

Dealing with witness/victim at crime scene, you must what?

A

Identify them at crime scene or who has left,
escort them from the scene
and record, isolate and detain.

29
Q

Do you have the power to detain a witness/victim?

A

No. You have the power under section 11 to demand name & address. (Section 12 – failure to comply)

30
Q

Strict procedure when dealing with suspects/offenders and a crime scene

A
  • Remove from the scene
  • Prevent loss/damage to evidence
  • Should be escorted from scene & searched, separated, secured.
31
Q

Do you have the power to detain/arrest suspect or offender?

A

Yes. Section 23 (carry out search on arrest)

32
Q

Specialist crime scene examiners:

A
  • Forensic Services
  • Ballistics
  • Photogrammetry
  • Medical officers
33
Q

Locards ‘Principle of interchange’

A

Holds that the perpetrator of a crime will bring something into the crime scene and leave with something from it.

34
Q

Crime scene examination search for what?

A

The connection to the crime.

35
Q

What are ‘Exhibits’?

A

Anything of a distinct nature that assists in establishing a proof, or tends to establish a proof of an offence.

36
Q

What is non-evidentiary property?

A

Not exhibits or anything to do with the offence i.e. witness/victim property (wallets, h/bags, money, bikes, cars, clothing etc.) Must document & receipt though.

37
Q

Victims in relation to police officers?

A

Most important customer to police.
Victims rely on police for support.
Police rely on victims for information and evidence.

38
Q

When dealing with victims, police must what?

A

Comply with the charter of rights
Be victim focused
Not conflict or exceed boundaries of duty
Encourage independence
Provide info & referral to support services

39
Q

What is a primary victim?

A

Someone who has suffered physical harm, emotional trauma or personal/property loss

40
Q

What is a secondary victim?

A

Someone who has witnessed a crime or is concerned for victims & adversely affected.

41
Q

NSW charter of victims’ rights and name five?

A

Recognises victims’ rights and establishes fair treatment standards in justice system
Respect - Treated with respect
Special bail conditions – which tells you if the suspect gets any bail
Protection - need protection tell the police or prosecution when the offender applies for bail
Compensation
Access to services - If you need medical, counselling, and legal help you will be able to get it

42
Q

What is an Investigative interview? And its purpose?

A

Talking to people, questioning them, obtaining information and reading between the lines and its purpose is to obtain accurate and reliable information.

43
Q

Types of interviews

A

First response
Notebook
Formal
E.R.I.S.P

44
Q

What is the peace model? And why do we need it?

A

Planning and preparation
Engage and Explain - Rapport with witness and explain procedure.
Account - Actual interviewing stage
Closure - Explain what will happen & give your details.
Evaluation - Are you happy with the investigation
Provides a framework for you to conduct ALL your interviews and promotes ethical interviewing.

45
Q

What are the Cognitive interview stages?

A
  1. Free recall - Brief explanation of event.
  2. Sketch - Witness draw sketch
  3. Probe - Probe with questions
  4. Description - Description of i.e suspect, car.
  5. ADVOKAT
46
Q

What is ADVOKAT?

A 
Amount of time
Distance
Visibility
Obstructions
Known or seen before
Any reason to notice
Time since observation
47
Q

Brief of evidence

A

Compilation of people, physical and record put into a document for preparation for court.

48
Q

Contepaneous notes

A

Notes taken as soon as possible taken in chronological order.

Police Goulburn (9 decks)

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