pp 6 Flashcards
nematode survival generally depends on what two things
abiotic and biotic factors
weather, climate, and shelter are called what
abiotic
food availability, predation/disease, competition, host defense are all called what
biotic factors
low calorie does what to life spand
expands
what temp causes higher longevity?
low
reproduction does what to life span
decreases
oxygen levels that allow higher longevity
low
what is hypobioisis
lower metabolism
what is ametabolism
no metabolism
a form of dormancy where the organism possesses endogenous controls over the duration of the state.
diapause
initiated by environmental factors becoming unfavorable or environmental factors serving as cues
faculataive
pre programmed
obligaite
a form of readily reversible dormancy in the presence of unfavorable environmental conditions.
quiescense
high pheromone, low food factpr
J1 molts to dauer
low pheromone, high food factor
J1 molts to j2 to j3. dauer molts to J4
high pheromone, high food factor
keeps molting, tno daur
what does anhydrobiosis mean and where can it be found?
life without water, quiescence
bound=
vicinal
lamellar phase with more than what persent of water. but when drop below you get what
- hexagonal phase 2
what does rehalose do?
protects proteins, maintains membrane fluidtiy, limits phase transitions within lipid bilayer, may replace vicinal water , inhibits free radical formation, mobilized into glucsoe upon hydration
exclusion and removal are what response
innate immune
humoral system and cellular system are what response are what
adaptive
erthrocytes and megakaryocytes, are they a part of the immune blood cells
no
skin, ilia, tears, secretions, enzyme, phagocytic cells are appart of which response
innate immune
which response makes antibodies to remove products,
adatpive system
specialized white blood cells made in bone marrow
B cells
plasma cells do what
secretes large amounts of specific antibody
loss of coding region for the constant part of heavy chain cause what three things to be produced?
igA, igE,igG
what binds to mast cells? has to do with allergies, releases histamines, may be used against parasites
igE
whats allows body ability to recognize self and non self
gene products form MHC genes
T cells mature where
in the thymus
co receptor ____ is produced and displayed for dangerous pathogens
B7
helper T cells called what
cd4
SERIES OF GENES THAT CODE FOR CELL SURFACE PROTEINS CONTROLLING THE ADAPTIEVE IMMUNE RESPONSE
MHC COMPLEX
WHAT PRESENTS FRAGMERNS OF ANTIGEN ON CELL SURFACE TO T CELLS WHICH CAN ONLY RECOGNIZE THE ANTIGENS WHEN IN COMPLEC WITH mMHC PROTEINS
MHC
WHAT SYSTEM IS USED FOR PATHOGENS THAT ESCAPE ANTIBODY DETECTIO BY HIDING IN CELLS
CELLULAR
HOW TO T CELLS REGULATE OTHER CELLS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
THROUGH SECRETION OF CYTOKINES
