Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSVM Virology Fall 2015 > Poxviridae > Flashcards

Poxviridae Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 subfamilies of Poxviridae?

A
  1. Chordopoxvirinae (vertebrates)

2. Entomopoxvirinae (insects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 8 genera of chordopoxvirinae?

A
  1. Orthopoxvirus
  2. Parapoxvirus
  3. Avipoxvirus
  4. Capripoxvirus
  5. Leporipoxviurs
  6. Suipoxvirus
  7. Molluscipoxvirus
  8. Yatapoxvirus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

General characteristics of Poxviridae.

A 
Large
DNA Viruses
Sometimes enveloped
Pleomorphic, typically brick-shaped
*Parapoxviruses are ovoid with crisscrossed surface tubules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

is the infectious form of poxviruses extracellular or intracellular?

A

Trick question- Poxviruses have both and they are both infectious.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the main difference in structure between the EEV form and the IMV forms?

A

Presence of an envelope in the EEV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

About how many gene does the poxvirus genome contain?

A

over 200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of DNA structure do poxviruses possess?

A

single molecule of linear double-stranded DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the replication of poxviruses take place inside the cell?

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

After replication how are EEV and IMV virons released from the cell?

A

EEV- Budding

IMV- cell lysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the 2 poxvirus viron types is more easily taken up by cells?

A

EEV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What exposes the group specific nucleoprotein antigen in all poxviruses?

A

Alkaline digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is significant about the enveloped version of the poxvirus virons when compared to other enveloped viruses?

A

Unlike other enveloped viruses. Poxvirus has a low-lipid envelope that is resistant to drying out and most solvents and disinfectants. It can survive in the environment much longer than most other enveloped viruses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Can poxviruses be transmitted through healthy skin?

A

No, only through broken skin or an arthropod bite. Respiratory route is also possible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pox viruses cause cutaneous lesions. What is the word that describes this pathology?

A

Epitheliotrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most pox viruses are host specific, which genera can infect several different species?

A

Orthopoxviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What system is usually responsible for poxviruses reaching systemic circulation after introduction to the body?

A

Lymphatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 6 stages of poxvirus cutaneous lesions?

A
  1. macule
  2. papule
  3. vesicle
  4. pustule
  5. scab
  6. scar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the major concern with poxvirus lesions after rupture of the pustule?

A

Secondary bacterial infection resulting in ulceration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How long can poxvirus survive in dried scabs?

A

Months or years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cowpox virus belongs to which genera of poxviruses?

A

Orthopoxviridae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are 3 ways that the cowpox virus could be trasmitted between cows in a dairy.

A
  1. From workers hands or teat cups
  2. Farm cats
  3. Rodents as a reservoir
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the 2 major concerns with cowpox virus in a dairy?

A
  1. Sore teats

2. Mastitis due to secondary bacterial infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

In cats affected with cowpox virus, about how long should it take for the lesions to heal. (given there are no complications)

A

about 6 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do humans usually become exposed to the cowpox virus?

A

Direct contact with infected cats (cuddly cats)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Human symptoms of Cowpox infection.

A
  1. lesions first on hands and face, develop into ulcerative lesions.
  2. enlarged painful lymph nodes
  3. Fever
  4. vomiting
  5. sore throat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What zoonotic poxvirus will present in humans similarly to smallpox?

A

Monkeypox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Psuedocowpox, Contagious Ecthyma (Sheep and goats), bovine papular Stomatitis virus all belong to which genera of poxviruses? Are they Zoonotic?

A

Parapoxviruses

Yes

28
Q

In animals infected with paracowpox virus, what is generally seen before skin lesion eruption.

A

Erythema

29
Q

What is pathognomic for lesions caused by paracowpox virus?

A

horseshoe-shaped ring like lesions

30
Q

What are paracowpox virus lesions called in humans?

A

Milker’s nodules

31
Q

What is another name for Contagious Ecthyma in sheep and goats?

A

Orf virus

32
Q

What property of poxviruses in general is important for the spread of Contagious Ecthyma?

A

Environmental stability, scabs fall off of infcted animals and can infect helathy animals months later.

33
Q

How long does immunity to Orf virus last after infection?

A

8 months

34
Q

In animals with Orf virus where do the first lesions develop?

A

mucocutaneous junction

35
Q

In severe cases of Orf virus infections where can lesions also be seen? (3 places)

A
  1. genitals
  2. feet
  3. ears
36
Q

A farm does not have a history of Orf virus but the owner has been on a few farm and ranch forums and is very concerned about the disease. The owner wants to vaccinate his herd, what is your recommendation in this case?

A

If there is no existing problem you should never vaccinate for Orf virus.

37
Q

How is the Orf Vaccine prepared?

A

Suspension of scabs in glycerine saline. the suspension is applied to scarified skin to induce a localized lesion.

38
Q

In herds with an Orf problem when should ewes be vaccinated? Lambs? Lambs in herds with severe probelms?

A

Ewes- 7-8 wks pre-lambing
Lambs- 6-8 wks old
Lambs in severe herds - 2-3 days old

39
Q

What is seen in humans infected with Orf?

A

Lesions on hands, arm, face and possibly genitals. Lesions heal without scarring after 4-9 wks.

40
Q

What genus do the following viruses belong to? Sheep pox, Goat pox, Lump skin disease of cattle.

A

Capripoxvirus

41
Q

Where are capripoxviruses endemic?

A

Africa, Asia, parts of Europe

42
Q

SPV and GPV were once belived to be strains of the same virus. What technology has disproven this belief?

A

Genetic sequencing

43
Q

T/F Capripoxviruses can be transmitted by arthropods but is not very contagious otherwise.

A

False, it is very contagious

44
Q

What sort of immune reaction occurs when Sheeppox virus localizes in the skin and internal organs after the incubation period?

A

Hypersensitivity III

45
Q

What is the mortlity rate for animals infected with the malignant form of Sheeppox? Lambs?

A

50%

Lambs- close to 100%

46
Q

In the benign form of Sheeppox how severe is the systemic reaction?

A

Mild to none

47
Q

Sheeppox regulation and prevention is very strict. What action should be taken when a severely affected heard is identified?

A

Usually destruction of herd and quarantine of premises is the best option.

48
Q

Goatpox is very similar to Sheeppox, with the exception of a fatal form found in European goats. What is this form called?

A

Flat hemorrhagic form

49
Q

What is the most common route of transmission for lumpy skin disease in cattle?

A

Arthropod bites

50
Q

Swinepox genus

A

Suipoxvirus

51
Q

What sort of mortality and morbidity do we usually see with Swinepox virus? What are the exceptions?

A

Low

Except in vertical transmission and young suckling pigs

52
Q

What is the louse associated with transmission of Swinepox?

A

Haematopinus suis

*other arthropods can transmit the disease.

53
Q

Where are the lesions most commonly found in animals affected with swinepox?

A

Abdomen and inner thighs

54
Q

T/F We have more information about Fowlpox virus because it is the same virus that affects humans called chickenpox.

A

False, the human Chickenpox virus belongs to herpesviridae.

55
Q

What genus does the fowlpox virus belong to?

A

Avipoxvirus

56
Q

How infectious is fowlpox to poultry?

A

Very

57
Q

T/F Transmission of fowlpox is typical of other poxviruses.

A

True

58
Q

3 forms of Fowlpox

A
  1. cutaneous (dry)
  2. diphtheric (wet)
  3. Ocular
59
Q

Of the 3 forms of fowlpox which has the worst prognosis?

A

diptheric

60
Q

What are the 2 “B” inclusion bodies seen in histological examination of Avipoxvirus infections?

A

Bollinger and borrel

61
Q

Other than vaccination, what is a good method to control Fowlpox?

A

Control biting insect population

62
Q

what is the disease caused by an unclassified poxvirus of sheep that can be spread sexually?

A

Ulcerative Dermatosis of sheep

63
Q

What are the 2 forms of UD in sheep?

A
  1. lip and leg ulcerative

2. venereal

64
Q

Can electron microscopy be used for poxvirus diagnosis?

A

yes

65
Q

what should be kept in mind if using egg inoculation to culture a parapoxvirus?

A

They do not multiply in chicken embryos.

RUSVM Virology Fall 2015 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions