Powerpoint research integrity

Question 1

3 cardinal sins + something else ?

Answer 1

Fabrication
Falsification
Plagiarism

Questionable research practices

Question 2

What is fabrication?

Answer 2

Making up data or results and recording them (e.g. Diederik stapel)

Question 3

What is falsification?

Answer 3

Manipulating existing data e.g. image fraud or materials, without scientific / statistical justification

Question 4

What is plagiarism?

Answer 4

any use of one’s own/someone else’s work without adequate reference to the source

Question 5

examples QRP?

Answer 5

• guest, gift or ghost authorship
• duplicate publication and ‘salami slicing’ publication
• dropping observations or data points from analyses based on a gut feeling that they were inaccurate
• inadequate record keeping related to research projects

Question 6

authorship should be based on

Answer 6

1) intellectual contribution
2) drafting / revising of the paper
3) approval of final article to be published
4) accountability for all aspects of the work

Authors should adhere to all 4.

Question 7

Gift authorship

Answer 7

No contribution

Question 8

Guest authosrhip

Answer 8

No contribution and specific for ‘external’people

Question 9

Honorary authorship

Answer 9

No contribution and often internal because of tradition

Question 10

Ghost author

Answer 10

ignored / excluded

Question 11

what is salami slicing and why is it unethical

Answer 11

cutting up project to increase prublicating output. unethical becuase of two reasons
1. readers cant critically review your work
2. unfair competition (in terms of publishing, and metrices)

Question 12

Why is duplicate publishing unethical

Answer 12

1.Abuse of resources and reviewer’s efforts
2. Damage to reader who is deceived by false claims of originality
3. Damage to fellow scientists (unfair competition for grants and positions)
4. Deception society
5. May cause problems for meta-analyses (analyses of a group of similar experiments or studies of studies)

Question 12

what is duplicate publishing

Answer 12

Duplicate publication is the practice of publishing the same information a second time without acknowledging the first publication.

Question 13

Conflict of interest

Answer 13

NOT op to YOU to decide. If you have a sponsor e.g. company, and even if your research is independent but the readers dont trust it, there is a conflict of interest!