Powerpoint 1: Developmental Designs and Variables Flashcards
Explain the difference between perception and cognition
perception is what we see in the world.
Cognition is how we think about things
explain between subjects
different conditinos for each subject
explain within subject
all participants go through all conditions
what type of experimental design has no carry over and no order effects? explain.
between subjects because no subject goes through more than one condition
what experimental design requires less participants, and have an easier time detecting differences caused by conditions?
within subjects - easier time detecting differences because people are their own controls
what is the variable in developmental experiments
age
explain a time lag design
look at a group the same age bt in different years ex: compare 15 year olds in 2000 vs 15 year olds in 2020
what are some disadvantages of cross-sectional designs
- risk of selection bias (ex: daycares)
- risk of differential dropout
- only assesses developmental differences
what is selection bias (in developmental research)
where groups of different ages start off different, not drawn from the same population
what are disadvantages o longitudinal designs
expensive
time-consuming
risk of selective dropout with age
carry over and order effects confounded because age
what are cross-lagged panel models
they examine predictive associations between two variables over time, controlling for effects at earlier time points
- can suggest causal directionality and change over time using observational designs
what was found about violent TV watching and aggression?
Violent TV watching was a predictor of later aggression
aggression was not a predictor of later TV watching
is social learning causing aggression? Aggression from school onset
no, over time self control increases and aggression decreases
what typoe of experimentla design are interventio studies
longitudinal, for a before and after
cannot be cross sectional
