powerplant (lecture)

Question 1

Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time.

Answer 1

Leonardo da Vinci

Question 2

Discovered by Leonardo da Vinci found in Manuscript B, Folio 83v.

Answer 2

Aerial Screw

Question 3

What year was the aerial screw drawn

Answer 3

late 1400s

Question 4

where was the aerial screw based off?

Answer 4

rotation of maple seeds as they fall of the ground and off of Archimedes’ screw created in 200 BC.

Question 5

English coal viewer and inventor. He was born
in Nottinghamshire, but moved to Warwickshire in the 1760s to manage collieries in
the Nuneaton area.

Answer 5

John Barber

Question 6

What was not taken out until 1791 by John Barber.

Answer 6

First patent for a heat engine.

Question 7

who made the first truly practical piston engine and when

Answer 7

1860 Etienne Lenoir of France

Question 8

who and what year developed the four-stroke, five-event cycle which is used by most modern reciprocating aircraft engine

Answer 8

1876 by Dr. August Otto

Question 9

a Belgian engineer who
developed the internal combustion engine in 1858

Answer 9

Jean Joseph Étienne Lenoir

Question 10

a German engineer who successfully developed the
compressed charge internal combustion engine which ran
on petroleum gas and led to the modern internal combustion
engine.

Answer 10

Nicolaus August Otto

Question 11

Aircraft requires ___ to produce enough speed for the wings to provide lift to overcome the weight of AC for vertical takeoff

Answer 11

thrust

Question 12

what force propels the aircraft and useful output of all aircraft powerplants

Answer 12

thrust

Question 12

the reciprocating engine is rated in what

Answer 12

brake horsepower

Question 12

the gas turbine engine is rated in what

Answer 12

thrust horsepower

Question 13

basic parameter for describing fuel economy of AC engine

Answer 13

specific fuel consumption

Question 14

Specific fuel consumption for gas turbines is measured in

Answer 14

(lb/hr) / brake horsepower

Question 15

specific fuel for reciprocating engine is measured in

Answer 15

fuel flow (‘b/hr) / brake horsepower

Question 16

called when airplanes perform at the specified ratings in varying flight altitudes and extreme weather conditions

Answer 16

Reliable

Question 17

Called when the amount of engine life obtained while maintaining the desired reliability. The fact that an engine has successfully completed its
type or proof test indicates that it can be operated in a normal manner over a long period
before requiring overhaul.

Answer 17

Durability

Question 18

Ability of an engine to run smoothly and give desired performances at all speeds from idling to full-power output.

Answer 18

operating flexibility

Question 19

To affect proper streamlining and balancing of an aircraft, the
shape and size of the engine must be as compact. In single engine aircraft, the shape and size of the engine also affect the view of the pilot, making a smaller engine better from this standpoint, in addition to reducing the drag created by a large frontal area.

Answer 19

compactness

Question 20

what engine is used for aircraft whose cruising speed does not exceed 250 mph

Answer 20

reciprocating engine

Question 21

what engine is used for when the economy is required in the low speed range plus with efficiency and low cost

Answer 21

conventional reciprocating

Question 22

has even number or cylinders

Answer 22

inline engines

Question 23

has one crankshaft (located either above or below cylinders)

Answer 23

inline engines

Question 24

it has a small frontal area + better adapted to streamlining and Confined to low and medium horsepower engines (old light aircrafts).

Answer 24

inline engines

Question 25

Generally mounted with the
cylinders in horizontal position.

Answer 25

opposed or o-type engines.

Question 25

Has 2 banks of cylinders directly opposite each other with a crankshaft in the center. The pistons of both cylinder banks are connected to the single crankshaft.

Answer 25

opposed or o-type engines.

Question 25

Used during WWII and limited to older aircraft. 12 cylinders are arranged in two inline banks generally set 60° apart.

Answer 25

v type engines

Question 26

Consists of a rows, of cylinders arranged radially about a central crankcase. Some radial engines have two rows of seven or nine cylinders arranged radially about the crankcase, one in front of the other

Answer 26

radial engine

Question 27

what are the principles of engine operation

Answer 27

pressure, volume, and temperature of gases

Question 28

device for converting heat energy into mechanical energy

Answer 28

internal combustion

Question 29

what is accomplished in the cylinder?

Answer 29

conversion of resultant heat energy into mechanical energy and then into work

Question 30

valve allowing for the escape of the burning exhaust gases

Answer 30

exhaust valve

Question 31

lets in the fresh charge of the fuel/air mixture

Answer 31

intake valve

Question 32

what are the four strokes and five cycle

Answer 32

four stroke: intake, compression, power, exhaust

five cycle: intake, compression, ignition, power, exhaust

Question 33

how many strokes are required to complete operating cycle of each cylinder.

Answer 33

four strokes

Question 34

how many revolutions and degrees of the crankshaft are required in four strokes?

Answer 34

720 degrees