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powerplant Flashcards

1
Q

what are two types of turbine compressors?

A

centrifugal flow
&
axial flow

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2
Q

what are three types of flow indicating systems used for turbine engines?

A

vane type

synchronous mass type

electronic motorless mass

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3
Q

what do mass flow systems measure?

A

the mass of the flow
effected by density and temp

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4
Q

in what units is an electronic motor less mass flow meter system calibrated?

A

pounds per hour

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5
Q

what is indicated in a turbine engine if the fuel flow for all conditions is high?

A

if there are other instrument abnormalities , possible damaged turbine components

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6
Q

who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

A

FAA approved repair station certified for that particular instrument

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7
Q

where can you find the electrical power requirements for a fuel flow indicating system?

A

aircraft maintenance manual

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8
Q

where in the fuel system is the fuel flow transmitter located?

A

between the fuel control and fuel nozzles

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9
Q

what kind of tachometer is used on most small single engine airplanes?

A

magnetic drag tachometer

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10
Q

what would likely cause the pointer of a magnetic drag tachometer to oscillate?

A

Dry cable connecting the indicator to the engine

kink in the cable housinig

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11
Q

what kind of tachometer is used on most large multi-engine airplanes?

A

Three phase AC electric tachometer

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12
Q

what is measured to indicate the engine RPM with a three phase AC electric tachometer?

A

Frequency of the AC the tachometer generator produces

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13
Q

what are two ways wires can be attached to the pins in a cannon plug?

A

soldering

crimping

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14
Q

why is stranded wire rather solid wire used in most powerplant electrical systems?

A

solid wire is likely to break when subject to vibration

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15
Q

what two things must be considered in selection of wire size when making electrical installation in an aircraft?

A

current carrying capacity

voltage drop

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16
Q

what is used to protect a wire bundle from chafing where it passes through a hole in a bulkhead or frame?

A

Grommet

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17
Q

how are electrical wires protected where they pass through an area of high temperature?

A

High temperature insulation
&
protective conduit

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18
Q

what is the minimum separation allowed between a wire bundle and a fluid line that carries combustible fluid or oxygen?

A

6 inches

or non parallel to lines with a minimum of 2 inches

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19
Q

which aircraft electrical circuit does not normally contain a fuse or circuit breaker?

A

starter motor circuit

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20
Q

when should aircraft wiring be installed in a conduit?

A

when passing through an area to likely damage wiring

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21
Q

what is meant by a trip free circuit breaker?

A

a circuit breaker that opens when excess current flows, regardless of the circuit breaker handle position

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22
Q

which way should the toggle of a switch that controls the propeller pitch move to place the propeller in low pitch(high RPM)?

A

Forward

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23
Q

why are protective covers placed over some switches in an aircraft electrical circuit?

A

prevents switch from accidentally being flipped

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24
Q

what is straight mineral oil?

A

fractional distillation of crude oil
&
no additives

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25
Q

what is ashless dispersant (AD) oil?

A

mineral oil with additives that prevents contaminants from clumping.
&
no ash forming additives

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26
Q

what is synthetic oil?

A

oil made by chemically changing the nature of an oil base

used in turbine engines

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27
Q

is automotive oil suitable for use in aircraft engines?

A

NO

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28
Q

what is meant by a multi-viscosity oil?

A

additive that increases viscosity when hot and lower viscosity when cold

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29
Q

where can you find the grade of engine oil specified for particular aircraft?

A

airplane flight manual

pilots operating handbook

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30
Q

what are six functions of an oil?

A

1 friction
2 Heat
3 Hydraulic
4 seals and cushions
5 cleans engine
6 Corrosion

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31
Q

what is the purpose of an air oil separator, or deaerator, in a turbine engine oil tank?

A

swirling action releases air from oil which is used to pressurize the oil tank

32
Q

how is oil pressure regulated in an aircraft engine?

A

pressure relief valve sends excess oil back into engine sump

33
Q

what is the purpose of the restricted orifice in the line between the oil pressure gauge and the engine?

A

dampens pulsations caused by the pump

34
Q

what is a hot tank lubrication system for a turbojet engine?

A

oil cooler is in the pressure subsystem

scavenged oil is not cooled before returning to the tank

35
Q

what is a cold tank lubrication system for turbojet engine?

A

oil cooler is in the scavenge subsystem

oil is cooled before returned to the tank

36
Q

where does a dry sump oil system store oil?

A

reservoir outside the engine

37
Q

what is the main advantage of a magneto ignition system over a battery ignition system for an aircraft reciprocating engine?

A

magneto has its own source for electrical energy, not dependent on battery

38
Q

what is an all weather spark plug?

A

shielded spark plug with recess for grommet forming water tight seal

39
Q

what is meant by the reach of a spark plug?

A

length of the threads that screw into cylinder head

40
Q

what is the difference between a hot and cold spark plug?

A

Hot spark plug- heat has a longer path from nose core insulator to shell.

Cold spark plug- shorter distance equals cooler operation

41
Q

what is the advantage of the fine wire spark plugs over massive electrode spark plugs?

A

fine wire plugs have more open end allowing gases to be purged preventing solid lead contaminants from forming

42
Q

why is it important that the spark plugs be kept in numbered holes in a tray when they are removed from an engine?

A

knowing which cylinder the spark plug came from can help determine conditions such as detonation or overheating in each cylinder

43
Q

why is it important that torque wrench always be used when installing spark plugs in an aircraft engine?

A

prevents…

poor seal
&
cracking insulation or threads

44
Q

what kind of gauge should be used to measure the electrode gap in an aircraft spark plugs?

A

round wire gauge

45
Q

what kind of electric starting system is used on many of the smaller turbine engines?

A

starter generator

46
Q

why are air turbine starters superior to electric starters for large turbine engines?

A

light weight for the torque they produce

47
Q

where does an air turbine starters get its air for starting the engines on a jet transport airplane?

A

APU

GPU

Running engine

48
Q

what prevents too high an air pressure from overspeeding an air turbine starter?

A

air shutoff and regulating valve

49
Q

where does an air turbine starters get its lubricating oil?

A

self contained lubrication system in the starter housing

50
Q

what device in an air turbine starters warns an aviation mechanic if there are any metal chips or particles in the oil?

A

magnetic chip detector

51
Q

what is the function of the capacitor in a magneto?

A

minimizes arcing at the breaker points

speeds up collapse of primary current as breaker points open

52
Q

what happens in a magneto ignition system when the ignition switch is places in the off position?

A

primary circuit is connected to ground

53
Q

what is checked when a magneto is internally timed?

A

breaker points open at E gap position

distributor positioned to cylinder 1

54
Q

in what position should the ignition switch be placed when using a timing light on the magnetos?

A

in the both position

55
Q

what is the E gap in magneto timing?

A

the position of the rotating magnet where current in magneto coil is greatest. (when breaker points open)

56
Q

what malfunction in the ignition system would cause an aircraft reciprocating engine to continue to run after the ignition switch is placed in the off position?

A

ignition switch is not grounding the magneto primary circuit

57
Q

are the instruments installed in an aircraft suitable for use when trimming an turbine engine?

A

NO

58
Q

where are the fuel strainers normally located in an aircraft fuel system?

A

Tank outlet

lowest point in the fuel system

carb or fuel injection system

59
Q

how can you tell when a fuel strainer for a turbine engine has been bypassed?

A

red indicator button will pop out

60
Q

what are the two types of fuel injection systems used on modern reciprocating aircraft engines?

A

Bendix & TCM

61
Q

what is used in the TCM fuel injection system to control the amount of fuel sent to the nozzles?

A

Engine speed for injector pump output

Orifice for high speed

relief valve for low speed

62
Q

what is used in the precision airmotive system to control the amount of fuel sent to the nozzles?

A

air mass entering the engine acts on a diaphragm that controls a servo ball valve in the line between regulator and flow divider.

63
Q

what does a fuel injected engine have that prevents the loss of the induction air if the air inlet filter should become covered with ice?

A

alternate air valve

allows warm air from engine cowling into the fuel metering system

64
Q

what would be the effect on engine operation of an air leak in the intake pipe for one cylinder?

A

cylinder runs lean

causes detonation

65
Q

what must be inspected on the cooling system of an air cooled engine?

A

baffles & air seals

must be in place and in good condition

66
Q

why should an air cooled engine not be run up to high power without the cowling installed?

A

cowling forces air through cylinder fins for cooling

67
Q

why do some air cooled engine installations have cowl flaps?

A

cowl flaps create low pressure on one side of engine pulling air through cooling fins

68
Q

what document describes the proper use of cowl flaps on an air cooled engine?

A

pilots operating handbook

69
Q

what are three main parts of a typical turbo supercharger?

A

compressor assembly

turbine wheel assembly

full floating shaft assembly

70
Q

how is a turbosupercharger (turbocharger) driven?

A

engine exhaust gases directed against the turbine, which drives and impeller that compresses the incoming air

71
Q

how is a supercharger driven?

A

directly from the engine and is internal to the engine

72
Q

what is the primary design concern of a turbine engine inlet?

A

flow of air into the compressor should be free of turbulence to achieve maximum operating efficiency

73
Q

what is the compressor pressure ratio?

A

outlet pressure divided by inlet pressure

74
Q

what does the pilot do to change the RPM of an engine quipped with a constant speed propeller when it is operating within the constant speed range?

A

Pilot moves the propeller pitch control… this changes compression on the speeder spring… this moves the pilot valve, which directs oil into or out of the propeller

75
Q

what is the difference between a controllable propeller and a constant speed propeller?

A

controllable pitch propeller uses a manually operated oil valve

constant speed propeller uses a governor to control the valve

76
Q

when making a magneto check on an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller, should the propeller control be in the low pitch or the high pitch position?

A

low pitch, high RPM

general (3 decks)

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