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Exam rev sem 2 > Power up > Flashcards

Power up Flashcards

1
Q

Biotic

A

Living things

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2
Q

abiotic

A

Non living

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3
Q

Biotic or abiotic? Water

A

abiotic

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4
Q

Biotic or abiotic?: Plants

A

biotic

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5
Q

Biotic or abiotic? Sun

A

abiotic

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6
Q

Biotic or abiotic? Air

A

abiotic

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7
Q

Ecosystem

A

A community of organisms and their abiotic environment

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8
Q

Community

A

All the different populations of living things that live together in an area

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9
Q

Population

A

A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area

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10
Q

Chloroplast

A

Organelle where photosynthesis occurs

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11
Q

What is a chloroplast?

A

A structure in the cells of plants that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food.

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12
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

green pigment found in chloroplast

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13
Q

Word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

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14
Q

Reactant of photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide and water

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15
Q

Products of photosynthesis?

A

glucose and oxygen

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16
Q

Requirements of photosynthesis? (not the reactants)

A

sunlight energy, chlorophyll

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17
Q

What is the name of the cells within a leaf that contain the most chloroplasts?

A

Pallisade Mesophyll

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18
Q

What is the name of the cells that form stomata?

A

Guard Cells

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19
Q

How does a plant get the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide gas enters the leaf via the stomata from the outside environment.

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20
Q

How does a plant get the water needed for photosynthesis?

A

The root absorb water from the soil and transport it up to the leaves in xylem tissue.

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21
Q

What does a plant do with the glucose it make through the process of photosynthesis?

A

It uses it for living eg moving, growing, reproducing etc. Any excess is stored as starch for later use.

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22
Q

How do plants move the glucose they make in their leaves to other parts of their body eg root

A

Glucose is moved around the plant in phloem tissue

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23
Q

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis.

A

Autotroph (producer)

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24
Q

Organisms that need to eat the glucose made by autotrophs.

A

Heterotroph (consumer)

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25
Q

Another name for anaerobic respiration in Fungi

A

Fermentation

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26
Q

What sort of organisms need to respire?

A

All living things need to make energy for themselves through cellular respiration eg Plants, Animals, Fungi & Bacteria

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27
Q

Word equation for Aerobic respiration in animals?

A

glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + ATP (energy)

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28
Q

Word equation for Anaerobic respiration in animals?

A

glucose –> lactic acid + ATP (energy)

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29
Q

Decomposer

A

An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms

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30
Q

Biosphere

A

the part of Earth where life exists

31
Q

Lithosphere

A

the solid, outer layer of the earth

32
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All the water on earth

33
Q

Atmosphere

A

A thin layer of gases surrounding Earth

34
Q

Parallax error

A

Error caused by not having your eye directly in line with the measurement

35
Q

Zero error

A

A type of systematic error caused by using a piece of equipment that isn’t zeroed properly.

36
Q

Reading error

A

Error due to guesswork needed when a measurement falls between an instrument’s markings

37
Q

dependent variable

A

The thing that is observed or mesured.

38
Q

independent variable

A

The experimental factor that is manipulated/changed; the variable whose effect is being studied.

39
Q

controlled viariable

A

Variable that we try to keep the same so that the experiment is as fair as possible.

40
Q

A food web shows

A

the feeding relationships within an ecosystem.

41
Q

The arrow in a food chain or food web shows

A

The direction that energy flows.

42
Q

Water Cycle: Precipitation

A

water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface

43
Q

Water Cycle: Condensation

A

Occurs when water vapor cools and turns into water.
Ex. clouds, dew on morning grass, water on the mirror after you shower

44
Q

Water Cycle: Evaporation

A

Changing of a liquid to a gas; caused by the suns energy; most evaporation over ocean

45
Q

Water Cycle: Runoff

A

Water from land that runs down into rivers, lakes, and oceans

46
Q

Water Cycle: Transpiration

A

release of water vapor (gas) from plant’s surface (through pores); pores- tiny holes on underside of leaves

47
Q

Carbon Cycle: Photosynthesis

A

The fixing of carbon into sugars from carbon dioxide

48
Q

Carbon Cycle: Respiration

A

the process where carbohydrates formed in photosynthesis are converted into CO2

49
Q

Carbon Cycle: Fossil Fuels

A

undergo combustion/burning which produces and releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

50
Q

Carbon Cycle: Decomposition

A

decomposers break down organisms into organic compounds
- CO2 is returned to the atmosphere

51
Q

Carbon Cycle: fossil fuel

A

…

52
Q

Carnivore

A

A consumer that eats only animals.

53
Q

Herbivore

A

A consumer that eats only plants.

54
Q

Omnivore

A

An animal that eats both plants and animals

55
Q

1st order consumer/ primary consumer

A

Primary consumer that eats only producers

56
Q

2nd order consumer/secondary consumer

A

eats 1st order consumer

57
Q

3rd order consumer/tertiary consumer

A

eats 2nd order consumer

58
Q

How much energy is passed up to the next level in the food chain?

A

10%

59
Q

Name 4 threats posed by humans to ecosystems

A

Climate change, Introduced species, habitat loss, pollution, poaching/hunting

60
Q

Name 4 natural threats to ecosystems

A

Fire, flood, earthquakes, volcanic eruption, whether, drought

61
Q

The ultimate source of energy on Earth

A

sunlight

62
Q

What is ATP and what does it stand for?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate
-compound that cells use to store and release energy, used to power up cellular activity

63
Q

Predator

A

An animal that hunts other animals for food

64
Q

Prey

A

An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism

65
Q

competition

A

the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources eg competition for food, reproduction, nutrients, light

66
Q

Introduced species

A

species moved by humans to new geographic areas, either intentionally or accidentally

67
Q

climate change

A

a change in global or regional climate patterns

68
Q

habitat loss

A

destruction or disruption of Earth’s natural habitats, most often due to human actions such as agriculture, forestry, mining, and urbanization

69
Q

pollution

A

Release of harmful materials into the environmen

70
Q

poaching

A

Illegal killing or removal of wildlife from their habitats

71
Q

Where in a cell does anaerobic respiration take place?

A

Cytoplasm

72
Q

conservation of mass

A

a principle stating that mass cannot be created or destroyed.

73
Q

conservation of energy

A

a principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be altered from one form to another.

74
Q

Word equation for Anaerobic respiration in fungi, bacteria & yeast

A

Glucose —-> ethanol + carbon dioxide + ATP

Exam rev sem 2 (4 decks)

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