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History (russia) > Power Struggle > Flashcards

Power Struggle Flashcards

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1
Q

Stalin rise to power
Round one : Triumvirate

A

The triumvirate consisted of Stalin,Kamenev and Zinoviev. They were all against Trotsky.

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2
Q

Stalins rise to power
Round one: Triumvirate (2)

A

Stalin tricks Trotsky into not turning up to Lenin‘s funeral,this damages Trotsky‘s reputation and political prestige. Stalin set himself up as Lenin‘s disciple-the men who would continue Lenin’s Work.

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3
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round one : Triumvirate (3)

A

Trosky made his feelings about the triumvirate clear and complained about how they were running the party. He was called to attend the Congress to explain his views, but he failed to turn up.

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4
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round one : triumvirate (4)

A

May 1924 13th party Congress Zinoviev reviewed attack on Trotsky, he and kamenev question Trotsky’s loyalties and Trotsky published “lessons of October” 6 months later.

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5
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round one : Triumvirate (5)

A

Zinoviev and Kamenev were furious. Trotsky gave up his position as commissar for military and naval affairs and Trotsky is knocked out of the race.

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6
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round two: switch of alliances

A

Stalin switched alliances with Kamenev and Zinoviev to be with Bukharin, Rykov and Tomsky,Leaving Trotsky with Kamenev and Zinoviev.

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7
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round two :Switch of alliances (2)

A

Stalin introduces the policy of socialism in one country which was very popular with the right wing party members as this align with the NEP.

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8
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round two : switch of alliances (3)

A

New alliance of Stalin with Bukharin and right wing individuals.
At the 14th party Congress in 1925 Zinoviev and Kamenev attacked Stalin calling for a vote of no confidence.

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9
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round two : switch of alliances (4)

A

Zinoviev and Kamenev lost every vote they join Trotsky in 1926 to form a united opposition.
This United block talk to the people to address public meetings.

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10
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round two : switch of alliances (5)

A

The party Congress of 1926 was stormy. Stalin and Buchanan poured scorn onto the United opposition ,Trotsky was heard in silence ,Kamenev and Zinoviev were booed.

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11
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round two : switch of alliances (6)

A

Trotsky produced a document the declaration of the 83 that attacked the policies of leadership.
Without the press, the united opposition faced an impossible task ,everywhere they went they were attacked and followed by Stalin roughnecks .

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12
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round two : switch of alliances (7)

A

The 1927 party Congress Stalin convinced them that Trotsky and Zinoviev needed to be expelled. Kamenev had lost his seat on the central committee.
Trotsky was sent to Kazakhstan and in 1929 he was deported to Turkey .

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13
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round three : Duumvirate

A

The Duumvirate consisted of Stalin and Bukharin against Rykov and Tomsky. until 1927 where he is against Bukharin also.

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14
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round three : Duumvirate (2)

A

In 1927 peasants were failing to produce necessary surpluses.
Stalin did not believe that the peasants should be treated better. He declared that they should be dealt with once and for all.

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15
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round three : Duumvirate (3)

A

The right opposition had helped Stalin to defeat the united opposition, but this did not stop him. One by one, they were demoted and removed.

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16
Q

Stalin’s rise to power
Round three : Duumvirate (3)

A

In 1928 Stalin and Bukharin clashed openly in the politburo- Bukharin was isolated and vulnerable.
Pro-stalinists replace them men such as Molotov and varoshilov.

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17
Q

Contenders
Stalin (character)

A

He held a strong position in the party as member of the triumvirate that dominated the central committee.
He was underestimated by many but had reputations for being a man of violence and a hard worker .

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18
Q

Contenders
Stalin (character) (2)

A

He had a vast knowledge of expanding party machinery and had placed loyal support as. He was jealous of others and able to keep his long-term aims hidden.

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19
Q

Contenders
Stalin (strengths)

A

Crucial position is general secretary so gained the loyalty and trust of many comrades.

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20
Q

Contenders
Stalin (strengths)(2)

A

Works harder to master theories of Marxism-Leninism

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21
Q

Contenders
Stalin (strengths)(3)

A

Excellent concealing his intentions

22
Q

Contenders
Stalin (strengths)(4)

A

Deliberately placed himself close to Lenin during his illness in 1922 to 1923.

23
Q

Contenders
Stalin (strengths)(5)

A

Made align with Zinoviev and Kamenev as he feared Trotsky.

24
Q

Contenders
Stalin (weaknesses)

A

During the Civil War, Stalin was commissar of nationalities. When the red army moved into seize control of Georgia Stalin told the party that Georgia had been one back from the Mensheviks by a mass of uprising supported by the Georgian people. It had not, he had crushed it by Brute Force, Lenin found out and was furious.

25
Q

Contenders
Stalin (weaknesses)(2)

A

Called Lenin’s wife, Krupskaya, a “whore” when she would not allow him to see Lenin during his illness.

26
Q

Contenders
Stalin (weaknesses)(3)

A

Played a minor role in the 1917 revolution and was overshadowed by many others of greater prominence like Trotsky.

27
Q

Contenders
Stalin (weaknesses)(4)

A

Seen is rude and violent by many

28
Q

Contenders
Stalin (weaknesses)(5)

A

His colleagues were aware of Lenin’s testament

29
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (character)

A

Widely regarded as the most important in the party in 1924.
His rivals moved quickly to block his influence.
He was an extraordinary organiser and man of action .
He held power and prestige from the revolution and in the Civil War .
He was often arrogant and dismissive of others .

30
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (strengths)

A

Brilliant speechmaker, intellectual and theorist

31
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (strengths)(2)

A

Clear role in October revolution and the Civil War.

32
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (strengths)(3)

A

Formidable political skills, ruthlessness authority and organisational ability.

33
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (weaknesses)

A

Feared by many people, they thought he might use his hold on the red army to seize power.

34
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (weaknesses)(2)

A

He used to be a Menshevik and many old Bolsheviks were suspicious of him

35
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (weaknesses)(3)

A

Colleagues disliked his arrogance and distain for those he thought less clever than him

36
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (weaknesses)(4)

A

He made no serious attempt to build a powerbase

37
Q

Contenders
Trotsky (weaknesses)(5)

A

He was inconsistent in that he opposed the triumvirate of Stalin, Kamenev and Zinoviev , but later allied with Zinoviev and Kamenev against Stalin.

38
Q

Contenders
Kamenev (character)

A

Capable and intelligent .He was a skilful politician and good at managing situations. He was an important figure in the collective leadership but lacked the ambition or ruthlessness seek power for himself.

39
Q

Contenders
Kamenev (strengths)

A

One of the old bolsheviks who helped form party policy and close to Lenin. Lenin had trusted many of his personal papers to kamenev after 1922.

40
Q

Contenders
Kamenev (strengths)(2)

A

Strong powerbase in Moscow, where he ran the local party
Thoughtful , intelligent, good at smoothing out difficulties with opponents.

41
Q

Contenders
Kamenev (weaknesses)

A

Like Zinoviev, he has a reputation for inconsistency and opportunism by opposing Lennon in 1917 and then switching alliances between Stalin and Trotsky.

42
Q

Contenders
Kamenev (weaknesses)(2)

A

Zinoviev was more popular than him
Regarded as too soft and lacking the drive to be a sole leader
He underestimated his rivals, especially Stalin

43
Q

Contenders
Zinoviev (character)

A

Intelligent and well educated. Reputation for being vain, unpredictable and prone to mood swings.

44
Q

Contenders
Zinoviev (strengths)

A

Old Bolshevik, who commanded respect from some colleagues
He had been high in Lenin’s favour before 1924. Lenin called him his closest and most trusted assistant
Roll as Grandad Boss gave him strong political powerbase .

45
Q

Contenders
Zinoviev (weaknesses)

A

Opposition to Lenin in 1917 was held against him
Underestimated his rivals, especially Stalin
He and kamenev left it too late before switching their support to Trotsky.

46
Q

Contenders
Rykov (character)

A

moderate. Chairman of the government and wanted to play a unifying role.

47
Q

Contenders
Rykov (strengths)

A

Wisely respected in the party for his experience as an old Bolshevik
Should administrative ability in the implementation of communism and in managing the switch to NEP
Extensive support from sovnarkom, who chose him chairman in 1924

48
Q

Contenders
Rykov (weaknesses)

A

Conciliator more than plotter
Overshadowed by Bukharin
His policy of putting heavy taxes on vodka was socially correct but politically unwise and aroused intense opposition from sections of the party
Underestimated Stalin

49
Q

Contenders
Tomsky (character)

A

Son of a factory worker and had a long association with trade unions. Reputation for plain speaking. political views were moderate

50
Q

Contenders
Tomsky (strengths)

A

Respected for his long record as an old Bolshevik and his working class origin
His role as chief sportsman for trade unions gave him a strong position within the party
General secretary of red international of trade unions from 1920 and was elected to the central committee and poltburo in 1922

51
Q

Contenders
Tomsky (weaknesses )

A

Intense hostility to Trotsky blinded him to the danger of Stalin. His alliance was Stalin, Rykov and Bukharin in purging left wingers from his party in 1926 handed massive potential power to Stalin.

52
Q

Contenders
Tomsky (weaknesses)(2)

A

Trade union base made him an obvious target to Stalin
Support for the NEP was going to be used against him when the grain crisis of 1927 hitch the economy .

History (russia) (2 decks)

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