Power and the people part 2 Flashcards
Causes of the pilgrimage of grace
1)Henry VIII had broken away from the Catholic Church and closed many monasteries
2) Robert Aske led the spread of the revolt in Yorkshire
3) Soon an army of 30000 had taken over York, Hull, Beverly and Pontefract, their demands included:
-Restoration of the old religion
-Removal of Thomas Cromwell
-Help to cope with poor harvest
-Less taxes
Events of pilgrimage of grace
1) 8000 pilgrims captured towns in the north
2) Robert Aske was invited to spent Christmas with the king
3) Rebels attacked castles in the north
4) Norfolk hanged 74 rebels
5) Aske was called back to London, arrested and executed
Short term significance of pilgrimage of grace
1) Was also caused by poor harvests, low wages and rumours of new taxes
2) Was a serious threat to Henry
3) The failure of the rebellion speeded up Henry’s changes to the church
Long term significance of Pilgrimage of grace
1) Henry VIII emerged from the rebellion stronger than ever and secured his position as an absolute monarch
2) No one now dared to oppose the king as he made it clear how ruthless he could be when faced with opposition
3) Henry gained full control of the church and country
Causes of the English revolution
1) Charles had a Catholic wife but England was now a Protestant country
2) Charged a tax called shop money
Events of the English revolution
1) Oliver Cromwell created the new model army who believed they had god on their side
2)The King lost the civil war and was executed on 30th January 1649
3) Cromwell was named Lord protector
4) Cromwell tried to act like a king and people had mixed opinions on him
Short term significance of the English revolution
1) Oliver Cromwell strict puritan view made him unpopular
2) In 1660 Charles II became King, this was known as the restoration on the monarchy
Long term significance of the English revolution
1) First time England was a republic
2) Parliament gained equal control over making laws
Causes of the American revolution
1) By 1775 2.5m people lived in the 13 colonies along the eastern seaboard of North America
2) Britain passed a series of acts imposing further taxes
3) Slogan was “taxation without representation”
Events of the American revolution
1) December 1773 colonists all if the tea from an East India company ship into Boston harbour
2) 1776 Thomas Paine published magazines for American independence
Short term significance of American revolution
1) The Declaration of Independence in 1776 was made by the 13 colonies and echoed language of the Magna Carta “All men are created equal”
2) The war of independence was won by the 13 colonies and the British army was defeated
3) When Britain lost the colonies, trade with India and Canada improved and Industrial Revolution began
Long term significance of the American revolution
1) The first time a colony had rejected European power
2) The idea of people having rights spread to France and the French overthrew their government
