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Animal Production > Poultry Production > Flashcards

Poultry Production Flashcards

1
Q

chick

A

newly hatched chicken

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2
Q

cockerel

A

juvenile male chicken

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3
Q

pullet

A

juvenile female chicken

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4
Q

rooster

A

adult male

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5
Q

hen

A

adult female

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6
Q

broiler chicken

A 
meat bird (whole or processed/cut)
male/female
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7
Q

slaughter weight of broiler

A

1.8-3 kg

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8
Q

how many days of age is a broiler slaughtered at

A

32-49 days

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9
Q

roaster chicken

A

meat bird, male/female, whole

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10
Q

slaughter weight of roaster

A

3-4 kg

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11
Q

slaughter age of roaster

A

49-63 days

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12
Q

poult

A

newly hatched turkey

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13
Q

young tom

A

juvenile male turkey

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14
Q

young turkey hen

A

juvenile female turket

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15
Q

tom

A

male turkey

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16
Q

turkey hen

A

female turkey

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17
Q

meat classes for turket

A

broiler or heavy

18
Q

turkey broiler weight and sale

A

5-7kg, male/female sold whole

19
Q

heavy turkey weight, sale

A

8-18 kg, whole, cut, processed

20
Q

what provinces have a quota system for broiler chickens

A

ontario and quebec

21
Q

why has there been an increase in chicken consumption?

A

less expensive meat, “healthier” meat

22
Q

why is turkey not as popular as chicken?

A

not as convenient, considered special occasion food, more expensive

23
Q

precocial def

A

presence of down, ability to feed independently, leave nest soon after hatching

24
Q

altricial

A

rly on mother for warmth, food,

25
Q

big changes in the poultry industry

A

switch from backyard to commercial production
improved productivity
improved quality of product

26
Q

how did meat production increase?

A

genetic selection, improved nutrition, better welfare, biosecurity

27
Q

vertical integration

A 
one company owns many aspects of the industry 
- feed company
- transport trucks, 
- slaughter pant 
- breeding facilities 
happens often in the US market
28
Q

who runs the national board for poultry supply management

A

run by producers

29
Q

supply management/quota system

A

regulate production levels = sync production to demand
stabilizes income and prices
allows smaller farms to exist
requires import control

30
Q

advantages of quota system vs vertical integration

A 
fixed prices
prevent overproduction 
third party auditing
national welfare standards 
own your own farm
31
Q

disadvantages of quota system vs vertical integration

A
  • hard to get into (need a large capital)
  • limits international sales
  • cost of price is lower in VI
  • more communication between production levels since all owned by the same company
32
Q

how many primary breeding companies are there for laying hens

A

4

33
Q

how many primary breeding companies for broiler chicken

A

2

34
Q

the function of the primary breeding industry

A
  • genetic selection
  • distribution of stock to multiplier hatcheries
  • maintenance of stock
  • technical assistance
35
Q

primary breeders are

A

selected pure lines

36
Q

grandparent - primary breeder

A

A males x B females and C males x D females

37
Q

parent - multiplier breeder

A

AB males x CD females

38
Q

commercial - production unit

A

ABCD

39
Q

what are the reasons for crossbreeding?

A

combine stocks with different traits
heterosis/ hybrid vigor
multiplication of stocks
patent

40
Q

egg production chain

A

primary breeding companies (parent chicks) -> multiplier breeding flocks (hatching eggs) –> multiplier hatchery (day old pullets) –> pullet producers (0-19 wks) –>egg producers (laying 19-71 wks) –> egg processing company

41
Q

chicken meat production chain

A

primary breeding companies (parent chicks) -> multiplier breeding flocks (hatching eggs) –> multiplier hatchery (day-old broilers) –>broiler producers (0-5-7 wks)primary processing (eviscerated carcass) –> further processing

42
Q

percent hatchability has 2 meanings

A

percent of total eggs set (doesn’t indicate the reason for low hatchability, embryonic mortality or infertility)
- usual term used in industry

percent of fertile eggs

Animal Production (2 decks)

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