Poultry Production

Question 1

chick

Answer 1

newly hatched chicken

Question 2

cockerel

Answer 2

juvenile male chicken

Question 3

pullet

Answer 3

juvenile female chicken

Question 4

rooster

Answer 4

adult male

Question 5

hen

Answer 5

adult female

Question 6

broiler chicken

Answer 6

meat bird (whole or processed/cut)
male/female

Question 7

slaughter weight of broiler

Answer 7

1.8-3 kg

Question 8

how many days of age is a broiler slaughtered at

Answer 8

32-49 days

Question 9

roaster chicken

Answer 9

meat bird, male/female, whole

Question 10

slaughter weight of roaster

Answer 10

3-4 kg

Question 11

slaughter age of roaster

Answer 11

49-63 days

Question 12

poult

Answer 12

newly hatched turkey

Question 13

young tom

Answer 13

juvenile male turkey

Question 14

young turkey hen

Answer 14

juvenile female turket

Question 15

tom

Answer 15

male turkey

Question 16

turkey hen

Answer 16

female turkey

Question 17

meat classes for turket

Answer 17

broiler or heavy

Question 18

turkey broiler weight and sale

Answer 18

5-7kg, male/female sold whole

Question 19

heavy turkey weight, sale

Answer 19

8-18 kg, whole, cut, processed

Question 20

what provinces have a quota system for broiler chickens

Answer 20

ontario and quebec

Question 21

why has there been an increase in chicken consumption?

Answer 21

less expensive meat, “healthier” meat

Question 22

why is turkey not as popular as chicken?

Answer 22

not as convenient, considered special occasion food, more expensive

Question 23

precocial def

Answer 23

presence of down, ability to feed independently, leave nest soon after hatching

Question 24

altricial

Answer 24

rly on mother for warmth, food,

Question 25

big changes in the poultry industry

Answer 25

switch from backyard to commercial production improved productivity improved quality of product

Question 26

how did meat production increase?

Answer 26

genetic selection, improved nutrition, better welfare, biosecurity

Question 27

vertical integration

Answer 27

``` one company owns many aspects of the industry - feed company - transport trucks, - slaughter pant - breeding facilities happens often in the US market ```

Question 28

who runs the national board for poultry supply management

Answer 28

run by producers

Question 29

supply management/quota system

Answer 29

regulate production levels = sync production to demand stabilizes income and prices allows smaller farms to exist requires import control

Question 30

advantages of quota system vs vertical integration

Answer 30

``` fixed prices prevent overproduction third party auditing national welfare standards own your own farm ```

Question 31

disadvantages of quota system vs vertical integration

Answer 31

- hard to get into (need a large capital) - limits international sales - cost of price is lower in VI - more communication between production levels since all owned by the same company

Question 32

how many primary breeding companies are there for laying hens

Answer 32

4

Question 33

how many primary breeding companies for broiler chicken

Answer 33

2

Question 34

the function of the primary breeding industry

Answer 34

- genetic selection - distribution of stock to multiplier hatcheries - maintenance of stock - technical assistance

Question 35

primary breeders are

Answer 35

selected pure lines

Question 36

grandparent - primary breeder

Answer 36

A males x B females and C males x D females

Question 37

parent - multiplier breeder

Answer 37

AB males x CD females

Question 38

commercial - production unit

Answer 38

ABCD

Question 39

what are the reasons for crossbreeding?

Answer 39

combine stocks with different traits heterosis/ hybrid vigor multiplication of stocks patent

Question 40

egg production chain

Answer 40

primary breeding companies (parent chicks) -> multiplier breeding flocks (hatching eggs) --> multiplier hatchery (day old pullets) --> pullet producers (0-19 wks) -->egg producers (laying 19-71 wks) --> egg processing company

Question 41

chicken meat production chain

Answer 41

primary breeding companies (parent chicks) -> multiplier breeding flocks (hatching eggs) --> multiplier hatchery (day-old broilers) -->broiler producers (0-5-7 wks)primary processing (eviscerated carcass) --> further processing

Question 42

percent hatchability has 2 meanings

Answer 42

percent of total eggs set (doesn't indicate the reason for low hatchability, embryonic mortality or infertility) - usual term used in industry percent of fertile eggs