Potassium Sparing Diuretics

Question 1

What is another name for potassium sparing diuretics?

Answer 1

Aldosterone receptor antagonist

Question 2

Give an example of a PSD?

Answer 2

Spironolactone

Question 3

How do PSDs work?

Answer 3

Block the aldosterone receptor on the distal table of the kidneys
Aldosterone usually causes sodium and water retention/reabsorption at the distal tubule and potassium excretion
When this receptor is blocked sodium and water are not reabsorbed and are instead excreted and potassium is retained

Question 4

What are the common uses for PSDs?

Answer 4

1. Ascites and Oedema due to liver cirrhosis - first line
2. Chronic heart failure - Moderate severity OR occurring 1 month post MI. usually given with ACEi/ARB and Beta blocker
3. Primary hyperaldosteronism - conns syndrome

Question 5

What are the contra-indications of giving PSDs?

Answer 5

Severe Renal Impairment
Hyperkalaemia
Addisons disease
Pregnant/breast feeding women

Question 6

What are the common interactions with PSD?

Answer 6

Potassium elevating drugs eg. ARBs/ACEi
Potassium Supplements
NSAIDS can impair renal function and lead to hyperkalaemia
Ciclosporin can lead to hyperkalamia

Question 7

What are the common side effects of PSD?

Answer 7

Hyperkalaemia
Gynaecomastia and menstrual abnormalities
Steven Johnson syndrome
Liver impairment and jaundice

Question 8

What is Steven Johnson syndrome?

Answer 8

A T cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction that causes a bullous skin eruption.