Postural Vs Phasic Muscles & Syndromes Flashcards
What are the 2 types of muscle fibers making up skeletal muscle?
- Slow twitch
- Fast twitch (IIA and IIB)
Slow twitch fibers dominantly use what kind of fuel? What is the resulting color?
- Myoglobin (O2 storage protein)
- Red
Slow twitch fibers make up what kind of muscles?
Postural muscles (dominantly of the trunk)
How do slow twitch fibers:
- contract
- fatigue
- generate ATP
- slow contractions
- fatigue resistant
- generate ATP through oxidative metabolic processes
Fast twitch fibers dominantly use what kind of fuel? What is the resulting color?
- Glycogen
- White
Fast twitch fibers make up what kind of muscles?
Phasic muscles of the extremities
How do fast twitch fibers:
- contract
- fatigue
- generate ATP
- fast contractions
- fatigue easily
- generate ATP through anaerobic metabolic processes —> lactic acid is the byproduct
Define postural muscles
Skeletal muscles that are dominantly composed of Type I (slow twitch) fibers.
They are resistant to fatigue, and are red.
What happens to postural muscles when they are stressed or injured?
They tend to shorten and tighten
Define phasic muscles
Skeletal muscles that are dominantly composed of Type II (fast twitch) fibers.
They fatigue quickly, and are white.
What happens to phasic muscles when they are injured or stressed?
They tend tp lengthen and weaken
Do injured phasic muscles palpate as lax or tight?
They tend to palpate as tight, even though they lengthen in injury
Cervical and lumbar erector muscles are postural or phasic?
Postural
Mid thoracic erectors are postural or phasic?
Phasic
Quadratus lumborum is postural or phasic?
Postural
The scalenes are postural or phasic?
Postural
SCM is postural or phasic?
Postural
Longus capitus and longus colli are postural or phasic?
Phasic
What muscles tend to get hurt when longus capitus and longus colli don’t do their job?
Scalenes
SCM
Often happens in whiplash injuries bc the longuses don’t activate quickly enough
Pectoralis major and minor are postural or phasic?
Postural
Levator scapulae is postural or phasic?
Postural
Upper trapezius is postural or phasic?
Postural
Bicep brachii are postural or phasic?
Postural
Rhomboids are postural or phasic?
Phasic
Middle and lower trapezius are postural or phasic?
Phasic
Triceps brachii are postural or phasic?
Phasic
Which kind of muscles “scream” for attention and what does it feel like in the body?
Phasic muscles start “screaming” when they have used up their limited energy supply.
Feels like burning or aching
What did Vladamir Janda come up with?
- key movement patterns
- upper and lower cross syndrome
What is happening in a “crossed” syndrome?
One side of the body has long tight muscles and the other side has short tight muscles.
What are the physical manifestations of upper cross syndrome?
- increased forward head position
- protracted shoulders
- hyper-kyphosis
- internally rotated humerus
What type of muscles are short and tight in upper cross syndrome?
Which muscles are included?
Postural muscles become short and tight
Upper cross postural muscles:
- pec major and minor
- cervical erectors
- upper trap
- levator scap
- SCM
- Scalenes
What type of muscles are long and weak (and still palpate as tight) in upper cross syndrome?
Phasic muscles become long, weak or inhibited, and tight
- Rhomboids
- Thoracic erectors
- longus colli and capitus (deep neck flexors)
- middle and lower trap
- Serratus anterior
What are the physical manifestations of lower cross syndrome?
- pelvis displacement: usually anterior tilt
- exaggerated lumbar lordosis
Which muscles are tight or overactive in lower crossed syndrome?
- psoas
- rectus femoris
- lumbar erectors
- TFL
- QL
Which muscles are inhibited in lower crossed syndrome?
- Glut Mac
- Abdominals
- Glut Med (maybe)
Which key movement patterns should be observed to diagnose lower cross syndrome?
- Hip extension
- Hip abduction
- Trunk flexion
Which key movement patterns should be observed to diagnose upper cross syndrome?
- Neck flexion
- Trunk flexion
- Shoulder abduction
- Lowering from push up
