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Rehab Principles > Postural Vs Phasic Muscles & Syndromes > Flashcards

Postural Vs Phasic Muscles & Syndromes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of muscle fibers making up skeletal muscle?

A
  • Slow twitch

- Fast twitch (IIA and IIB)

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2
Q

Slow twitch fibers dominantly use what kind of fuel? What is the resulting color?

A
  • Myoglobin (O2 storage protein)

- Red

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3
Q

Slow twitch fibers make up what kind of muscles?

A

Postural muscles (dominantly of the trunk)

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4
Q

How do slow twitch fibers:

  • contract
  • fatigue
  • generate ATP
A
  • slow contractions
  • fatigue resistant
  • generate ATP through oxidative metabolic processes
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5
Q

Fast twitch fibers dominantly use what kind of fuel? What is the resulting color?

A
  • Glycogen

- White

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6
Q

Fast twitch fibers make up what kind of muscles?

A

Phasic muscles of the extremities

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7
Q

How do fast twitch fibers:

  • contract
  • fatigue
  • generate ATP
A
  • fast contractions
  • fatigue easily
  • generate ATP through anaerobic metabolic processes —> lactic acid is the byproduct
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8
Q

Define postural muscles

A

Skeletal muscles that are dominantly composed of Type I (slow twitch) fibers.

They are resistant to fatigue, and are red.

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9
Q

What happens to postural muscles when they are stressed or injured?

A

They tend to shorten and tighten

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10
Q

Define phasic muscles

A

Skeletal muscles that are dominantly composed of Type II (fast twitch) fibers.

They fatigue quickly, and are white.

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11
Q

What happens to phasic muscles when they are injured or stressed?

A

They tend tp lengthen and weaken

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12
Q

Do injured phasic muscles palpate as lax or tight?

A

They tend to palpate as tight, even though they lengthen in injury

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13
Q

Cervical and lumbar erector muscles are postural or phasic?

A

Postural

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14
Q

Mid thoracic erectors are postural or phasic?

A

Phasic

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15
Q

Quadratus lumborum is postural or phasic?

A

Postural

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16
Q

The scalenes are postural or phasic?

A

Postural

17
Q

SCM is postural or phasic?

A

Postural

18
Q

Longus capitus and longus colli are postural or phasic?

A

Phasic

19
Q

What muscles tend to get hurt when longus capitus and longus colli don’t do their job?

A

Scalenes
SCM

Often happens in whiplash injuries bc the longuses don’t activate quickly enough

20
Q

Pectoralis major and minor are postural or phasic?

A

Postural

21
Q

Levator scapulae is postural or phasic?

A

Postural

22
Q

Upper trapezius is postural or phasic?

A

Postural

23
Q

Bicep brachii are postural or phasic?

A

Postural

24
Q

Rhomboids are postural or phasic?

A

Phasic

25
Q

Middle and lower trapezius are postural or phasic?

A

Phasic

26
Q

Triceps brachii are postural or phasic?

A

Phasic

27
Q

Which kind of muscles “scream” for attention and what does it feel like in the body?

A

Phasic muscles start “screaming” when they have used up their limited energy supply.

Feels like burning or aching

28
Q

What did Vladamir Janda come up with?

A
  • key movement patterns

- upper and lower cross syndrome

29
Q

What is happening in a “crossed” syndrome?

A

One side of the body has long tight muscles and the other side has short tight muscles.

30
Q

What are the physical manifestations of upper cross syndrome?

A
  • increased forward head position
  • protracted shoulders
  • hyper-kyphosis
  • internally rotated humerus
31
Q

What type of muscles are short and tight in upper cross syndrome?

Which muscles are included?

A

Postural muscles become short and tight

Upper cross postural muscles:

  • pec major and minor
  • cervical erectors
  • upper trap
  • levator scap
  • SCM
  • Scalenes
32
Q

What type of muscles are long and weak (and still palpate as tight) in upper cross syndrome?

A

Phasic muscles become long, weak or inhibited, and tight

  • Rhomboids
  • Thoracic erectors
  • longus colli and capitus (deep neck flexors)
  • middle and lower trap
  • Serratus anterior
33
Q

What are the physical manifestations of lower cross syndrome?

A
  • pelvis displacement: usually anterior tilt

- exaggerated lumbar lordosis

34
Q

Which muscles are tight or overactive in lower crossed syndrome?

A
  • psoas
  • rectus femoris
  • lumbar erectors
  • TFL
  • QL
35
Q

Which muscles are inhibited in lower crossed syndrome?

A
  • Glut Mac
  • Abdominals
  • Glut Med (maybe)
36
Q

Which key movement patterns should be observed to diagnose lower cross syndrome?

A
  • Hip extension
  • Hip abduction
  • Trunk flexion
37
Q

Which key movement patterns should be observed to diagnose upper cross syndrome?

A
  • Neck flexion
  • Trunk flexion
  • Shoulder abduction
  • Lowering from push up

Rehab Principles (6 decks)

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