Postural Disorders

Question 1

Lordosis

Answer 1

exaggeration of anterior convex curve of lumbar spine

Question 2

Kyphosis

Answer 2

Increased convexity in curvature of thoracic spine

Question 3

Scoliosis

Answer 3

Lateral S- or C-shaped spinal column with vertebral rotation, unequal heights of hips and shoulders

Question 4

Decorticate posture (hemiplegic posture)

Answer 4

Upper extremities flexed at the elbows and held close to the body; lower extremities externally rotated and extended

Question 5

Decerebrate posture

Answer 5

Increased tone in extensor muscles and trunk muscles, with active tonic neck reflexes

Question 6

Dystonia

Answer 6

Maintenance of an abnormal posture through muscular contractions may last several seconds to weeks; long term, can cause permanent, fixed contractures

Question 7

Basal ganglion posture

Answer 7

Stooped, hyperflexed posture with a narrow-based, short-stepped gait; due to loss of normal postural reflexes