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Endocrinology > Posterior Pituitary Hormones > Flashcards

Posterior Pituitary Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Oxytocin is produced in _______ and ______.

A

supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus

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2
Q

Primary functions of oxytocin

A

stimulate milk release, stimulate parturition, and stimulate uterine shrinkage after birth

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3
Q

Secondary functions of oxytocin

A

increase renal reabsorption of water and decrease memory

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4
Q

What effect does oxytocin have on the uterus?

A

myometrium OT stimulates smooth muscle contraction. (neurological)

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5
Q

According to Martin, oxytocin is more than just a “love” hormone. it may also do what?

A

May improve social functioning in children with autism spectrum disorders. Findings were mixed.

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6
Q

Oxytocin was found to _____ the intake of high sugar snacks in men.

A

reduce

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7
Q

In bulimia nervosa oxytocin is implicated in the ____________.

A

modulation of reward

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8
Q

Epigenetic modification of oxytocin receptor gene influences ___________.

A

social behavior (anger and fear)

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9
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) is also known as:

A

Vasopressin, arginine vasopressin and argipressin

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10
Q

Site of Synthesis of ADH

A

Supra-optic nuclei - hypothalamus - secreted through posterior pituitary.

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11
Q

Primary Function of ADH

A

regulate bodys retention of water

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12
Q

Physiological control of secretion of ADH

A

blood pressure and blood volume

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13
Q

The potential use of ADH is to ________.

A

limit cerebral edema in patients after acute stroke

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14
Q

central diabetes is the ______ output of ADH.

A

decreased

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15
Q

Effects of ADH on central diabetes insipidus is ____ and ______.

A

Excessive urine output (polyuria) and excessive thirst.

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16
Q

Central diabets insipid us can be caused by _____________ by hypothalamus or by pituitary release ADH into the _________.

A

insufficient release of ADH; bloodstream

17
Q

Central diabetes insipidus is caused by ________.

A

deficiency of ADH

18
Q

Physical Characteristics of central diabetes insipidus:

A

polyuria, dilute urine (decreased urine concentration), hypotension (decreased plasma volume), and increased plasma concentration .

19
Q

Compensation for central diabetes insipid us

A

increased aldosterone secretion and increased renal reabsorption of sodium excretion of hydrogen and potassium ions which brings blood pressure back toward normal.

20
Q

Aldosterone is produced by the _______.

A

renal cortex

21
Q

Function of aldosterone

A

act on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney, increase reabsorption of water and electrolytes in kidneys, and increases blood volume and blood pressure.

22
Q

Etiology of nephrogenic diabetes insipid us

A

abnormalities in the kidneys

23
Q

Physical characteristics of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

pollyuria, dilute urine (decreased urine concentration), hypotension (decreased plasma volume), and increased plasma concentration.

24
Q

Physical characteristics of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

polyuria, dilute urine (decreased urine concentration), hypotension (decreased plasma volume), and increased plasma concentration.

25
Q

In nephrogenic diabetes inspidus the kidneys fail to respond to ___ and _____ concentrate urine.

A

ADH; can’t

26
Q

In nephrogenic diabetes insipid us the pituitary gland releases ______ but the kidneys ____ respond to the signal.

A

ADH; don’t

27
Q

Etiology of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

abnormalities in the kidneys

28
Q

Nephrogenic diabets insipid us can be caused by drugs

A

lithium

29
Q

Syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) makes it difficult for your body to get rid of excess water. This causes a buildup of fluids as well as ___________, a condition known as ___________.

A

abnormally low sodium levels; hyponatremia.

30
Q

Syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) causes fluid overload in patients with:

A

strokes and head trauma

Endocrinology (8 decks)

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