Posterior Leg Flashcards by Ann yo

Q

Medial Head of Gastrocnemius:

Origin

A

Medial femoral condyle

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Q

Medial Head of Gastrocnemius:

Insertion

A

Calcaneus via Calcaneus tendon

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Q

Medial Head of Gastrocnemius:

Innervation

A

Tibial N

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Q

Medial Head of Gastrocnemius:

Artery

A

Posterior Tibial A.

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Q

Medial Head of Gastrocnemius:

Action

A

Plantar flexion and flexes leg

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Q

Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius:

Origins

A

Lateral femoral condyle

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Q

Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius:

Insertion

A

Calcaneus via calcaneus tendon

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Q

Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius:

Innervation

A

Tibial N.

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Q

Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius:

Artery

A

Posterior tibial A.

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Q

Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius:

Action

A

Plantar flexion and flexes leg

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Q

Soleus:

Origin

A

Soleal line of tibia

Posterior head of fibula

Superior 1/4 of posterior fibula

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Q

Soleus:

insertion

A

Calcaneus via Calcaneal tendon

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Q

Soleus:

Innervation

A

Tibial N.

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Q

Soleus:

Artery

A

Posterior Tibial A.

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Q

Soleus:

Action

A

Plantarflexion

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Q

Plantaris:

Origin

A

Lateral supracondylar line

Oblique popliteal ligamen

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Q

Plantaris:

Insertion

A

Calcaneus via calcaneus tendon

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Q

Plantaris:

Innervation

A

Tibial N.

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Q

Plantaris:

Artery

A

Posterior tibial artery

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Q

Plantaris:

Action

A

Weak plantarflexion and leg flexion

Propioceptive

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Q

Popliteus:

Origin

A

Lateral condyle of femur

Lateral meniscus

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Q

popliteus:

Insertion

A

Posterior surface of tibia

Superior to soleal line

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Q

popliteus:

Innervation

A

Tibial N.

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Q

popliteus:

Artery

A

Posterior tibial A.

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popliteus: | Action

Unlocks extended leg by laterally rotating femur On stationary tibia Weakly flexes leg

Flexor Hallucis Longus: | Origin

Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibular Interosseous membrane

Flexor Hallucis Longus: | Insertion

Distal phalanx of great toe

Flexor Hallucis Longus: | Innervation

Tibial N.

Flexor Hallucis Longus: | Artery

Posterior tibial a.

Flexor Hallucis Longus: | Action

Flexes great toe Plantarflex foot at ankle joint

Flexor Digitorum Longus: | Origin

Posterior surface of tibia

Flexor Digitorum Longus: | Insertion

Base of distal phalanx of lateral 4 digits

Flexor Digitorum Longus: | Innervation

Tibial n.

Flexor Digitorum Longus: | Artery

Posterior tibial a.

Flexor Digitorum Longus: | Action

Flexes lateral 4 digits Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint

Tibialis Posterior: | Origin

Interosseous membrane Posterior tibia Posterior fibula

Tibialis Posterior: | Insertion

Tuberosity of navicular Cuneiform Cuboid Sustentaculum tali of calcaneus Bases of 2,3,4, metatarsals

Tibialis Posterior: | Innervation

Tibial n.

Tibialis Posterior: | Artery

Posterior tibial A.

Tibialis Posterior: | Action

Inversion | Plantarflexion

What does the medial and lateral tubercle on the posterior process of talus provide?

Groove for flexor hallucis longus tendon

What is the largest foot bone? | What does it articulate with?

Calcaneus Talus (superiorly) and Cuboid (anteriorly)

What is the Sustentaculum Tali? | What bone is it on?

on calcaneus Shelf-like projection that supports talus, and provide groove for FHL

What attaches to the Navicular tuberosity?

Tibialis posterior

What helps with Medial Longitudinal Arch?

``` Dyanmic support providing by Tibialis posterior Tibialis anterior FHL Fibularis longus Intrinsic plantar Ms. ```

What helps with Passive Support of the arch?

Plantar aponeurosis Plantar calcaneofibular-navicular Ligament Long plantar ligament Short plantar ligament

What is Crural fascia?

Faschial stocking of thick septa

What are the compartments of crural fascia?

Anterior, lateral, and posterior (superficial and deep)

Where is anterior septum?

Between lateral and anterior compartmnet

Where is Transverse Septum?

Between posterior deep and posterior superficial compartments

Where is posterior septum?

Between lateral and posterior superficial compartments

What makes the septum’s?

Crural Fascia

What is the interosseous membrane?

Not a septum Separates anterior compartment from posterior deep compartment From tibia to fibula

What things do compartments have in common?

Same general function, nerve, artery and vein

What is in the Superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris

What makes the Triceps Surae?

Gastrocnemius and Soleus

What is in the Deep Posterior compartment of the leg?

Popliteus Flexor Hallucis longus Flexor Digitorum longus Tibial posterior

What innervates the posterior compartment of the leg?

Tibial N.

What is the artery supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?

Posterior tibial A.

Where does Tibial N. Leave the posterior compartment and what does it become?

Passes deep to flexor retinaculum b/w medial malleolus and calcaneus Medial and lateral plantar nerve

What does the posterior tibial artery give off?

Fibular A.

Where does the Posterior Tibial A. Leave the posterior compartment and what does it become?

Runs deep to flexor retinaculum Divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries

What could be found in the lateral head of the gastrocnemius and what is its purpose?

Sesamoid bone called Fabella Provide leverage for lateral head of gastrocnemius

What is a clinical application for the Fabella bone?

Painful fabellar stress fracture may accompany total knee replacement

What is the characteristic of the soleus?

Broad, flat, multipennate

What makes the calf prominence?

Triceps surae

What is commonly used in reconstructive surgery of hand tendons?

Plantaris M. | Its removal does not affect knee or ankle movements

What could possibly rupture during violent ankle movements?

Plantaris Common in basketball players, sprinters, and ballet dancers

What are the arteries in the popliteal fossa contributing to the genicular anastomoses?

Superior medial genicular a. Superior lateral genicular a. Inferior medial genicular a. Inferior lateral genicular a. Descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral a. Articular branch of the descending genicular a. Saphenous branch of the descending genicular a.

what three grooves does the flexor hallucis longus go through?

Groove b/w medial and lateral tubercle of Talus B. Groove on sustentaculum Tali on Calcaneus Between sesamoid bones in tendons of FHB

What forms a sling that helps raises arch up?

Tibialis Posteiror

What 5 structures are on the medial side of the Ankle?

Tom, Dick, a.n. Harry From ant. To posterior - Tibialis posterior - flexor Digitorum longus - Posterior tibial A - tibial n - flexor hallucis longus

Where does the Fibular A. End?

Pierces interosseous membrane

What does the fibular a. Anastomoses with?

Anterior Lateral malleolar artery

What does the fibular artery vascularize?

Posterior and lateral compartments

Where can you palpate the Posterior Tibial A.

B/w the Posterior surface of medial malleolus | And medial border of calcaneal tendon

What is the posterior tibial a. Deep to?

Flexor retinaculum

When would you use the posterior tibial a.?

To examine patients with occlusive peripheral arterial disease (intermittent claudication) Cond. caused by ischemia of leg Muscles, due to narrowing or occlusion fo leg arteries Characterized by leg cramps and pain during walking (disappears after rest)