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Winter Quiz 2 > Posterior Abdominal wall and Kidneys - Escobar > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal wall and Kidneys - Escobar Flashcards

1
Q

Osteology in this region:

A

Ribs 11 and 12
L1 - 5
Iliac fossa and crest
S1: promontory and ala
Joints: lumbosacral and sacroiliac
Iliolumbar ligament

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2
Q

Psoas Major Function:

A

Flexion of thigh at hip joint. Flexion of trunk forward and Lateral

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3
Q

Psoas Minor Function:

A

Weak flexion of lumbar region

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4
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Function:

A

Depress and stabilize Rib12.
Some lateral bending.

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5
Q

Iliacus Function:

A

Flexion of thigh at hip joint

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6
Q

Psoas Major Innervation:

A

Ventral rami of L1 to L3/4

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7
Q

Psoas minor innervation:

A

L1 Ventral ramus

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8
Q

Quadratus Lumborum Innervation:

A

Ventral rami of T12, L1 to L4

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9
Q

Iliacus Innervation:

A

Femoral nerve (L2-4)

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10
Q

Diaphragm Innervation:

A

Phrenic Nerve (C3-5)

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11
Q

Diaphragm function:

A

Increase vertical diameter of thoracic cavity

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12
Q

Diaphragm made of 3 parts:

A

Sternal Part, Costal Part, Lumbar Part

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13
Q

Location of 3 parts of diaphragm:

A

Sternal Part: Xiphoid process
Costal part: Internal surface of 7-12th ribs
Lumbar Part: Medial Arcuate ligament / Lateral Arcuate ligament

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14
Q

Left and Right Crus of Diaphragm locations;

A

Right Crus: L1-3
Left Crus: L1 and L2

Median Arcuate Ligament inbetween left and right crus.

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15
Q

Median Arcuate Ligament arches over:

*

A

Arches anterior to the AORTA

Completes the aortic hiatus

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16
Q

Medial Arcuate Ligaments (left and right) arches over:

A

arch anterior to the psoas major muscle

17
Q

Lateral Arcuate Ligament arches over:

A

arches anterior to quadratus lumborum m.

18
Q

Major openings of the diaphragm:

*

A

Aortic Hiatus: at T12, posterior to median arcuate ligament. Aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein

Esophageal hiatus: at T10, within right crus. Esophagus, vagal trunks, esophageal vessels.

Caval Opening: at T8. Structures: IVC, right phrenic nerve.

19
Q

Innervation of Diaphragm:

Phrenic nerve:

A

Provides motor function of diaphragm. Only nerve that does this. It also has sensory information which supplies centrally, but the peripheral of diaphragm is supplied by intercostal nerves.

20
Q

Blood Supply of Diaphragm:

A

Above: Internal thoracic artery runs along phrenic nerve. Called Pericardiacophrenic artery and vein.

Above: Superior Phrenic artery branches from aorta

Below: Inferior phrenic artery from Abdominal Aorta

21
Q

Arteries of the posterior abdominal wall

Parietal branches:

A

Abdominal aorta:

Median Sacral a.
Inferior phrenic aa
Lumbar aa
(Parietal = parent MIL = MILF)

22
Q

Arteries of the posterior abdominal wall

Paired visceral branches / Unpaired visceral branches:

A

Paired:
Middle suprarenal aa.
Renal aa
Gonadal aa
(My renal gonads are paired)

Unpaired visceral branches:
Celiac a. at L1
Inferior mesenteric a. at L3
Superior mesenteric a. at L1
(CIS)

23
Q

Veins of posterior abdominal wall

Inferior Vena Cava:

A

Begins at L5
Ends at T8

24
Q

Veins of posterior abdominal wall

Tributaries

A

Common iliac veins
Lumbar Veins
Renal Veins (R and L)
Inferior Phrenic Veins
Hepatic Veins

25
Q

Nerves in the posterior abdominal wall

Lumbar Plexus

Important slide

A

From L1: Iliohypogastric / ilio-inguinal nerve
From L1 / L2: Genitofemoral nerve
From L2 / L3: Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (Only nerve that is sensory)
From L2 / L3 / L4: Femoral nerve / Obturator nerve

(IlioGenitoLateralObturatorFemoral)
(IGLOF)
(I Give Literally O Fucks)

26
Q

Nerves in the posterior abdominal wall

Subcostal nerve

A

T12

Under Lateral Arcuate Ligament

27
Q

Nerves in the posterior abdominal wall

Sacral Plexus

A

Lumbosacral trunk (L4, L5)

28
Q

Nerves in the posterior abdominal wall

Parasympathetic Nerves

A

Anterior vagal trunk

Posterior Vagal Trunk

29
Q

Nerves in the posterior abdominal wall

Sympathetic Nerves

A

Focus on Sympathetic Trunk

Thoracic -> Sympathetic trunk -> Sacral portion

Know that the sympathetic chain is that is continuation from the thoracic continue here in the lumbar region, and will be located alongside the origin of the psoas major muscle.

30
Q

Kidneys Location

A

Right Kidney is lower than left.
Right = T12 to Lower of L3-L4
Left = T11-T12 to L3

31
Q

Anterior to right kidney:

A

2nd duodenum, right colic flexure, liver

32
Q

Anterior to left kidney:

A

Left colic flexure, pancreas, spleen, stomach, some part of jejunum

33
Q

Posterior to kidney

A

11 and 12 rib - left kidney
12 rib - right kidney
Diaphragm
Quadratus lumborum m
Transversus abdominis

Nerves:
Subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal

34
Q

Surface of kidney, layers

A

1.)Renal Capsule
2.) Perinephric Fat
3.) Renal Fascia
4.) Paranephric Fat

35
Q

3 Areas where kidneys stones can get lodged in ureters

A

Ureteropelvic Junction
Cross Brim of Pelvic Inlet
Vesicoureteric Junction

Winter Quiz 2 (5 decks)

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