Posterior Abdominal wall and Kidneys - Escobar Flashcards
Osteology in this region:
Ribs 11 and 12
L1 - 5
Iliac fossa and crest
S1: promontory and ala
Joints: lumbosacral and sacroiliac
Iliolumbar ligament
Psoas Major Function:
Flexion of thigh at hip joint. Flexion of trunk forward and Lateral
Psoas Minor Function:
Weak flexion of lumbar region
Quadratus Lumborum Function:
Depress and stabilize Rib12.
Some lateral bending.
Iliacus Function:
Flexion of thigh at hip joint
Psoas Major Innervation:
Ventral rami of L1 to L3/4
Psoas minor innervation:
L1 Ventral ramus
Quadratus Lumborum Innervation:
Ventral rami of T12, L1 to L4
Iliacus Innervation:
Femoral nerve (L2-4)
Diaphragm Innervation:
Phrenic Nerve (C3-5)
Diaphragm function:
Increase vertical diameter of thoracic cavity
Diaphragm made of 3 parts:
Sternal Part, Costal Part, Lumbar Part
Location of 3 parts of diaphragm:
Sternal Part: Xiphoid process
Costal part: Internal surface of 7-12th ribs
Lumbar Part: Medial Arcuate ligament / Lateral Arcuate ligament
Left and Right Crus of Diaphragm locations;
Right Crus: L1-3
Left Crus: L1 and L2
Median Arcuate Ligament inbetween left and right crus.
Median Arcuate Ligament arches over:
*
Arches anterior to the AORTA
Completes the aortic hiatus
Medial Arcuate Ligaments (left and right) arches over:
arch anterior to the psoas major muscle
Lateral Arcuate Ligament arches over:
arches anterior to quadratus lumborum m.
Major openings of the diaphragm:
*
Aortic Hiatus: at T12, posterior to median arcuate ligament. Aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein
Esophageal hiatus: at T10, within right crus. Esophagus, vagal trunks, esophageal vessels.
Caval Opening: at T8. Structures: IVC, right phrenic nerve.
Innervation of Diaphragm:
Phrenic nerve:
Provides motor function of diaphragm. Only nerve that does this. It also has sensory information which supplies centrally, but the peripheral of diaphragm is supplied by intercostal nerves.
Blood Supply of Diaphragm:
Above: Internal thoracic artery runs along phrenic nerve. Called Pericardiacophrenic artery and vein.
Above: Superior Phrenic artery branches from aorta
Below: Inferior phrenic artery from Abdominal Aorta
Arteries of the posterior abdominal wall
Parietal branches:
Abdominal aorta:
Median Sacral a.
Inferior phrenic aa
Lumbar aa
(Parietal = parent MIL = MILF)
Arteries of the posterior abdominal wall
Paired visceral branches / Unpaired visceral branches:
Paired:
Middle suprarenal aa.
Renal aa
Gonadal aa
(My renal gonads are paired)
Unpaired visceral branches:
Celiac a. at L1
Inferior mesenteric a. at L3
Superior mesenteric a. at L1
(CIS)
Veins of posterior abdominal wall
Inferior Vena Cava:
Begins at L5
Ends at T8
Veins of posterior abdominal wall
Tributaries
Common iliac veins
Lumbar Veins
Renal Veins (R and L)
Inferior Phrenic Veins
Hepatic Veins
