Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
What are the labeled structures pictured in the diaphragm and what is their significance?
Label the specific openings of the diaphragm and their vetebral level
Aside from the inferior vena cava, esophagus, and aorta - what other structures pass through the diaphragm?
What are the lymphatics and innervation (sensory and motor) of the diaphragm?
What are the 2 functions of the diaphragm?
What are the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall?
What are the different branches of the abdominal aorta and their vetebral level?
At what vetebral level does the abdominal aorta terminate and what other landmark is located there?
- Abdominal aorta
- Visceral branches
- Unpaired
- Celiac trunk (T12)
- Superior mesenteric artery (L1)
- Inferior mesenteric artery (L3)
- Paired
- Middle suprarenal arteries (L1)
- Renal arteries (L1)
- Gonadal arteries (L2)
- Unpaired
- Parietal branches
- Inferior phrenic arteries (T12)
- Lumbar arteries - segmental
- Middle sacral artery (L4)
- Terminal branches - common iliac arteries (L4)
- Visceral branches
Umbilical is also at L4
What are some anomalies that can develop with the inferior vena cava?
Depends on which cardinal veins develop and which was more dominant:
- Double vena cava
- Left inferior vena cava
- Retrocaval ureter:
Ureter should go onto vena cava but can have go behind and problematic because can get pressure and back up kidney
What is the “nutcracker” effect?
What are the lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall?
Relevant because how you get cancers
Also if get testicular cancer, very easy to get into abdomen because follows lymphatics drainage by arterial/venous supply
What is the innervation (not including autonomics) of the posterior abdominal wall?
What is the autonomic innervation of the posterior abdominal wall?
What is the structure and blood supply of the suprarenal (Adrenal) glands?
What is the innervation of the suprarenal (adrenal) glands - cortex and medulla? Compare the innervation of the cortex vs. medulla
What is the function of the suprarenal (adrenal) glands - cortex and medulla?
What is the location of the kidneys and what structures surround them?
Left: T12 - L2
Right: L1-L3
Right kidney is a little lower because of liver. Kidney develops in pelvis and then rises up.
What are the different structures the right kidney is touching and why is it important to know?
What are the different structures the left kidney is touching?
What are the following structures within the kidney proper?
What are the following structures within the kidney proper?
What is the blood supply to the kidney?
How is the kidney innervated - sensory (including pain), and autonomics?
Where are the ureters located?
What is the blood supply to the ureters?
How are the ureters innervated - sensory (including pain), and autonomics?
What are some renal abnormalities that can form during development?
