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Week 10-SHANE > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three muscles in the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  • psoas major
  • iliacus
  • quadratus lumborum.
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2
Q

What passes through the lateral arcuate ligament?

A

The quadratus lumborum

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3
Q

What passes through the medial arcuate ligament?

A

psoas major

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4
Q

What does the median arcuate ligament form?

A

the aortic hiatus

NOTE: Another name for “arcuate ligament” is “lumbocostar arch”.

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5
Q

What does the quadratus lumborum do?

A

It is is a postural muscle for the lower trunk

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6
Q

What do the psoas major and iliacus do?

A

They flex the hip

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7
Q

What structures pierce the diaphragm?

A
  1. IVC
  2. Esophagus
  3. Aorta
  4. Thoracic duct
  5. Parts of the ANS systems:
    A. Vagus nerve
    B. Sympathetic trunk
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8
Q

What portion of the diaphragmatic muscle attaches to the xiphoid process?

A

the sternal portion of the diaphragm

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9
Q

What are the parts of the diaphragm?

A

costal, sternal, and lumbar

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10
Q

What does the lumbar part of the diaphragm attach to?

A

the bodies of upper lumbar vertebrae, to the transverse process of L1, and to the tip of the 12th rib.

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11
Q

T or F. The transpyloric plane passes through the hilum of each kidney

A

T

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12
Q

The transpyloric plane runs through the hilum of which kidney?

A

Both, even though the right kidney is more inferior than the left kidney

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13
Q

Describe the veinous return of the kidneys

A

the left and right renal veins empty directly into the IVC

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14
Q

What are the kidneys and the suprarenal glands protected by?

A

renal fascia (which branched from the transversalis fascia (and then splits on the anterior and posterior side of the kidneys) surround each kidney and suprarenal gland. In between the renal fascia and the kidney is peritoneal fat and outside the renal fascia is pararenal fat

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15
Q

What are the three sources of arterial supply to the suprarenal glands?

A

superior, middle, and inferior suprarenal arteries

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16
Q

Where does the superior suprarenal arteries branch off of?

A

they are branches from the inferior phrenic artery (which branches directly from the abdominal aorta above the celiac trunk)

NOTE: these arteries (~3-4 per suprarenal gland) supply the upper, medial aspect of each gland

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17
Q

Where does the middle suprarenal arteries branch off of?

A

directly off the abdominal aorta and supplies the medial, middle aspect of the gland

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18
Q

Where does the inferior suprarenal arteries branch off of?

A

off of the right and left renal arteries (which branch directly from the abdominal aorta lateral to the SMA and below the celiac trunk)

19
Q

The the ileoinguinal and ileohypogastric nerves arise from what nerve root?

A

L1

NOTE: these arise from the lumbar plexus and usually arise together as a single nerve that then splits.

20
Q

The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve arises from what nerve root?

A

L2 primarily with contribution from L3

21
Q

T or F. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is parallel to the ileoinguinal and ileohypogastric nerves but is more inferior

A

T

22
Q

The femoral nerve arises from what nerve root?

A

L2-, L3, and L4

23
Q

The obturator nerve arises from what nerve root?

A

L2-L4

24
Q

The genitofemoral nerve arises from what nerve root?

A

L1-L2

25
Q

What are the nerves of the lumbar plexus?

A

subcostal, ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric, lateral femoral cutaneous, femoral, obturator, lumbosacral trunk

26
Q

What nerve roots does the genitofemoral nerve arise from?

A

L1-L2

27
Q

What does the genitofemoral nerve run with?

A

the muscle of psoas major

28
Q

Psoas Major origin

A

bodies of Lumbar Vertebrae

29
Q

Psoas Major insertion

A

Lesser Trochanter of Femur

30
Q

Psoas Major innervation

A

L1-L3 ventral rami

31
Q

Psoas Major action

A

hip flexion

32
Q

Psoas Minor origin

A

Bodies of Lumbar V ertebrae

33
Q

Psoas Minor insertion

A

pectineal line

34
Q

Psoas Minor innervation

A

lumbar plexus

35
Q

Psoas Minor action

A

Weak Flexion of the Vertebral Column

36
Q

Quadratus Lumborum origin

A

12th rib

37
Q

Quadratus Lumborum insertion

A

iliac crest

38
Q

Quadratus Lumborum innervation

A

lumbar plexus

39
Q

Quadratus Lumborum action

A

Stabilize Rib XII and Lateral Bending of Trunk

40
Q

Iliacus origin

A

Iliac Fossa

41
Q

Iliacus insertion

A

Lesser Trochanter of Femur

42
Q

Iliacus innervation

A

Femoral N. (L2- L4)

43
Q

Iliacus action

A

Flexion of the Hip

Week 10-SHANE (17 decks)

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