Post-WW2 Flashcards
United Nations
Made on October 24, 1945. Goal was to end wars and bring world peace. Priorities included human rights, major issues, conflict resolution.
Six major organs: General assembly, security council, secretariat, international court of justice, economic and social council, and trusteeship council
Cold War
March 12, 1947 to December 26, 1991. Between U.S (democracy, freedom, capitalism, NATO - defense alliance) and Soviet Union (totalitarianism, socialism, communism, Warsaw Pact - defense treaty w/ poland, east germany, czechoslovakia, bulgaria, albania (who left later on), etc). Proxy war where they weren’t directly fighting.
Def: “The competition between U.S. and Soviet Union when the threat of nuclear war created constant world tension.” basically a five decade ideological battle between 2 superpowers
Iron Curtain - Soviet Union dividing Europe. U.S. was fine with this since it believed in ‘containment’.
Truman Doctrine - Where U.S. said it will fight communism worldwide
Berlin Wall - Soviets cut off West Berlin from everyone else.
Marshall Plan - U.S. plan to help rebuild Western Europe
GI Bill + 3 Crisises
GI Bill - 1 year compensation to veterans
Suez Canal Crisis - Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal, so British and French forces bombed the Canal Zone. Lester B Pearson developed the idea for peacekeeping in these countries and helped to end the crisis, and was awarded with a Peace Prize. October 29 - November 7, 1956
Cuban Missile Crisis - October 16 - 29, 1962. Russians had missiles in Cuba, U.S. found out via pictures from American spy plane. SALT meetings where Russia agreed to take the missiles out if U.S. took their missiles out of Turkey, and they agreed to do so.
FLQ Crisis (October Crisis): October 5 - December 28, 1970. FLQ was a terrorist group that bombed a lot of buildings. They kidnapped James Cross and Pierre Laporte (killed him) so they could demand that Quebec be separate from the other provinces and territories.
Korean War
June 25, 1950 - July 27, 1953. Between North Korea (Soviet) and South Korea (US). On June 25, 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea and pushed them into Pusan. In response, UN members locked in and came to support, pushing the North Korean forces back to the border of China. China assisted North Korea, pushing South Korean forces to the 38th parallel. Ended in stalemate where both countries signed an armistice.
Baby boom + Women’s role + Charter of Rights and Freedom + Newfoundland and Labrador/Nunavut joining when???
Baby boom - 1946 to 1964 where lots of babies were born due to improving economic conditions and it being the right time since people had a lot of free time and money after the war was over
Women’s role: Banking, light, textile industries, like electronics. Clerical, secretarial, and assembly work.
Charter of Rights and Freedom - Created in 1982. Provided political rights for all Canadian citizens and civil rights for everyone in Canada.
Newfoundland and Labrador joined Canada on March 31, 1949. Nunavut joined Canada on April 1, 1999.
French-English relations
French-English relations:
1914-1918: French were heavily against conscription, and protested heavily. Quebec City Riots where 4 died
1930: Union Nationale, led by Maurice Duplessis, was created where he wanted to make Quebec its own distinct society and separate it from the other provinces and territories of Canada.
1939-1945: More protests from conscription, although not as bad as the 1914-1918 protests. King asked Canadians to go back on his promise not to enable conscription, where French Canadians voted “NO!!” while English Canadians were like “YES!!”
1960: Quebec Liberal Party and Jean Lesage did the Quiet Revolution, modernising Quebec’s education, economy, and society. Parti Quebecois was also created during this time, led by Rene Levesque.
1970: October Crisis where they kidnapped James Cross and Pierre Lacoste.
1980: First referendum happens and fails 60-40. Meech Lake Accord is created (to realise Quebec as a distinct society).
1990: Meech Lake Accord fails. Second referendum happens and fails 51-49.
Igor Gouzenko
Viola Desmond
Tommy Douglas
John Diefenbaker
Western/Eastern Bloc
Igor Gouzenko - Soviet clerk who defected to Canada. Basically aided in the Cold War happening.
Viola Desmond - Arrested after not moving from the ‘whites-only’ section of the movie theater
Tommy Douglas - Premier of Saskatchewan. Led the first socialist government and made universal healthcare in Canada happen
John Diefenbaker - PM of Canada from 1957-1963.
Western/Eastern Bloc - Western (with U.S. during Cold War) is democratic, Eastern (with Soviet Union during Cold War) is non-democratic
