post-traumatic stress disorder Flashcards
1
Q
reactions to severe stress
A
- acute stress reaction
- adjustment disorder
- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
2
Q
acute stress reaction
A
- severe anxiety symptoms (+/- psychosis)
- appear and resolve within 24-48 hours of a major life event
3
Q
acute stress reaction treatment
A
none, easy to manage
4
Q
adjustment disorder
A
- depression, anxiety, mixed, or suicidal
- 48 hours to 3 months
- affective and/or anxiety symptoms appear after a significant stressful event with impairment social function
5
Q
adjustment disorder diagnosis requires
A
- < 3 months since the incident
- symptoms not severe enough to meet criteria of other psych diagnoses
6
Q
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) time
A
> 3 months since a significantly stressful event/situation
7
Q
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms
A
- flashbacks
- dreams/nightmares
- hypervigilance
- hyperarousal, enhanced startle reaction
- sleep disturbance
- emotional numbing
- social isolation
- suicidal ideation
8
Q
complex PTSD
A
- usually prolonged abuse in childhood
- increased affective dysregulation
- dissociation
- inattention
9
Q
PTSD treatment
A
- medications
- CBT and psychological approaches
- maintain routines
- mindfulness, meditation, and self-help
10
Q
PTSD treatment medications
A
- antidepressants (SSRIs)
- sedatives (for nightmares and insomnia)
11
Q
first-line medication for PTSD
A
antidepressants (SSRIs)
12
Q
CBT and psychological approaches for PTSD
A
- trauma-related counselling
- eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
13
Q
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
A
- most helpful for panic attacks
- focus away from traumatic memories, form new feelings
