bipolar disorder Flashcards
bipolar disorder affects ?% of the population
1%
bipolar disorder hallmark
dramatic mood swings from extreme highs (mania/hypomania) to extreme lows (depression)
mania vs. hypomania
hypomania is less severe
how long do manic and depressive episodes last in bipolar disorder
weeks-months
mixed affective states
- rare
- features of both phases occur simultaneously
? kind of symptoms can also be experienced in bipolar disorder
psychotic symptoms
bipolar disorder mania symptoms
- increased energy, activity, and restlessness
- excessively euphoric mood
- easily irritable
- inflated self-esteem/sense of self-worth
- flight of ideas
- pressured speech
- poor concentration
- insomnia (for days)
- delusions of grandeur
- poor judgment
- impulsive behaviors
- increased sociability
- provocative, intrusive, or aggressive behavior
flight of ideas
- symptom of bipolar mania
- unrelated, erratic thoughts, observed as rapidly shifting speech
pressured speech
- fast and frenetic
- irregularities in loudness and rhythm
behavior mania impulsive behaviors
shopping, gambling, substance use, heightened libido
delusions of grandeur
extraordinary belief that one is famous, omnipotent, wealthy, or otherwise very powerful or of a high status
can psychosis accompany mania or depression
both
common psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder
- hallucinations
- delusions
hallucinations
heating, seeing, or sensing the presence of things that aren’t there
delusions
strongly held beliefs that do not appear to be logical or explained by culture
psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder tend to reflect ?
the state of mania or depression
types of treatments for bipolar disorder
- mood stabilizers
- antidepressants
- antipsychotics
- psychological and social treatments
mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder
- lithium
- lamotrigine
- sodium valproate
antidepressants for bipolar disorder
SSRIs (sertraline, fluoxetine)
antipsychotics for bipolar disorder
- olanzapine
- quetiapine
why is sodium valproate no longer prescribed often
can cause birth defects in the sperm and egg
manic switch
- primary issue when treating bipolar depression
- e.g. try SSRIs for depression and go into mania
