Post-translation

Question 1

How are scurvy and Proline connected?

Answer 1

Proline can form extra hydrogen bonds when converted to hydroxyproline, which is used to stabilize the strands of the collagen protein. This modification requires enzymes and ascorbic acid, which can lead to scurvy if enough vitamin C isn’t available.

Question 2

How is glutamic acid connect to coagulation

Answer 2

glutamic acid can be carboxylated into gamma-carboxy by vitamin K which assists in blood coagulation.

Question 3

What amino acid residue is involved in ubiquitinylation

Answer 3

Lysine

Question 4

What does SUMO covalent attachment cause?

Answer 4

subcellular localization
transcriptional activity
stability

Question 5

What percentage of eukaryotic proteins are phosphorylated?

Answer 5

~30%

Question 6

How many human protein kinases are there?

Answer 6

520

Question 7

What do protein phosphatases do?

Answer 7

They remove phosphate groups from Ser, Thr and Tyr sidechains.

Question 8

What are the two kinds of phosphatase enzymes?

Answer 8

1. Metal ion dependent (calcineurin)
2. Cys active site residues (