Post Q2 (minus CDC ppt) Flashcards
What are the three Pt care item categories?
1.Critical-High Risk 2.Semicritical-moderate risk 3.Noncritical-low risk
Which Pt-care item category? Surgical instruments, scalers, scalpel blades, surgical dental burs..
Critical-High Risk
Which Pt-care item category? Dental mouth mirror, amalgam condenser, reusable dental impression trays, dental hand pieces.
Semicritical-moderate risk
Which Pt-care item category? Blood pressure cuff, stethoscope, pulse oximeter.
Noncritical-low risk
Which Pt-care category is this describing? Penetrate soft tissue, contact bone, enter into or contact the bloodstream or other normally sterile tissue.
Critical-High Risk
Which Pt-care category is this describing? Contact mucous membranes, but will not penetrate soft tissue, contact bone, or enter into or contact the bloodstream or other normally sterile tissue.
Semicritical-moderate risk
Which Pt-care category is this? Contact with intact skin.
Noncritical-low risk
What method of cleaning do you use for “CRITCAL” Pt-care items?
Heat Sterilization
What two ways can you clean “SEMICRITICAL” Pt-care items?
If heat tolerant: Heat Sterilization….If not heat tolerant: High-level disinfectant, liquid sterilant
Which category does a Dental Handpiece fall under and how do we clean them?
Semicritical….heat sterilization
What can you use to clean “NONCRITICAL” Pt-care items? What happens if it is visibly soiled?
Low-level disinfectant…If soiled (w/ blood or something) use intermediate-level disinfectant
What are the 4 steps to instrument processing? Which is the MOST IMPORTANT step??
1.Cleaning- the most important step-removing all blood, fluids, other debris before sterilizing 2.Prepare & Package 3.Sterilize-Heat/Pressure to kill spores 4.Store-dry area away from contaminants
What are the two CLEANING instruments? Which one is recommended?
Ultrasonic and Washers…Washers recommended because of its closed nature
What are the 3 Sterilization methods?
1.AutoClave-High temp & Steam underpressure 2.Dry heat Sterilizer 3.Unsaturated Chemical Vapor
Which Sterilization method am I discussing? Advantage-Short cycle time, steam penetrates packaging well, easiest loading, appropriate for most dental items….Disadvantage-corrosion of some materials,wet packages, dulling of some sharp edges.
AUTOCLAVE
Which Sterilization method am I discussing? Advantage-Does not dull sharp edges, no corrosion…..Disadvantage-Long cycle time, poor penetration of heat to all surfaces, destroys heat sensitive materials, difficult to load evenly
Dry Heat Sterilizer
Which Sterilization method is this? Advantage-Short cycle time, doesn’t dull sharp edges,
doesn’t corrode carbon steel…..Disadvantages-Instruments must be dry, chemical odor, destroys heat sensitive plastics
Unsaturated Chemical Vapor
’s for BOARDS: TIME AND TEMP PLEASE—>Steam Autoclave, Gravity Displacement:
Time: 30min, Temp:250 F
’s for BOARDS: TIME AND TEMP PLEASE—>Steam Autoclave, Pre-Vacuum Sterilizer
Time:4 min, Temp 270 F
’s for BOARDS: TIME AND TEMP PLEASE—> Dry Heat Sterilizer, Static Air (3 TIMES and 3 TEMPS)
- 60 min, 340 F 2. 120min,320 F 3. 150 min, 300 F
’s for BOARDS: TIME AND TEMP PLEASE—>Dry Heat Sterilizer, Forced Air
12min, 375 F
’s for BOARDS: TIME AND TEMP PLEASE—>Unsaturated Chemical Vapor Sterilizer
20 min, 270 F
What type of Sterilization monitoring includes: assess cycle time and temperature with each cycle-visually observe gauges?
Mechanical
What type of Sterilization monitoring includes: monitor sterilization parameters such as time, temperature and pressure- indicators on packages that change color. Placed in each package of each cycle.
Chemical Indicators
Which type of sterilization monitoring includes: Heat-resistant organisms called bacterial endospores in vials or strips placed in a load at least weekly, incubated along with control vial or strip. No growth would show that sterilization process killed the spores.
Biological Indicators
Which sterilization monitor indicator is used with each package? What about weekly?
Chemical Indicators: each package, Biological indicator: weekly
The minimal temperature required for sterilization by an autoclave is:
250 F
For dry heat sterilization at a temperature of 320°, how long does it take to sterilize instruments?
2 hours
How long can TB survive @ room temp?
MONTHS
How long can S.Aureus survive @ room temp?
days
How long can flus, colds, and pneumonia viruses survive @ room temp?
Hours
How long can HIV survive @ room temp?
seconds
How long can Herpes survive @ room temp?
minutes
How long can Hep C survive @ room temp?
6 weeks
_______ is sometimes called a “superbug” because it is resistant to many antibiotics.

MRSA
Though most MRSA infections aren’t serious, some can be __________.
life-threatening
@ UW dental school, 4 OF 7 DENTAL CLINICS TESTED POSTIVE FOR ______
MRSA
The vast majority of these serious MRSA infections are linked to ________ exposure.
health care
VRSA are specific types of antimicrobial- resistant staph bacteria. While most staph bacteria are susceptible to the antimicrobial agent _________ some have developed resistance.
vancomycin
Which Hepatits group poses the greatest risk?
Hep B!!
Which Hep am I? MOST PREVALENT FORM, ORAL FECAL CROSS CONTAMINATION, INGESTION OF CONTAMINATED FOOD OR WATER (CONTAMINATED BY INFECTED PERSON), INCUBATION IS 15-50 DAYS, HAND WASHING IS MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO
PREVENT TRANSMISSION, VACCINATION IS AVAILABLE
Hep A
Which Hep am I? MOST SIGNIFICANT CONCERN FOR HCW, TRANSMITTED THROUGH BLOOD, BLOOD PRODUCTS AND/OR BODILY FLUIDS, VIRAL LIFE SPAN ON INANIMATE OBJECTS IS 7- 14 DAYS WITH VIRULENCE REMAINING HIGH, INCUBATION CAN BE 1-6 MONTHS, MANY CARRIERS WITH NO SYMPTOMS
Hep B
_______ THE PREVALENCE OF HBV IN HCW WHEN COMPARED WITH GENERAL PUBLIC
TWICE
Which Hep? VACCINE AVAILABLE AND STRONGLY ENCOURAGED, OSHA REQUIRES EMPLOYERS TO OFFER THE VACCINE TO ALL EMPLOYEES AT RISK OF EXPOSURE
Hep B
Which Hep am I? TRANSMITTED THROUGH BLOOD, BLOOD PRODUCTS AND/OR BODILY FLUIDS, INCUBATION 2-6 MONTHS, SIGNIFICANT CONCERN FOR HCW’S, SUBCLINICAL CASES WITH NO SYMPTOMS, 95% OF THOSE INFECTED HAVE NO SYMPTOMS, CURRENTLY NO VACCINE EXISTS
Hep C
Which Hep? SEVEREST FORM OF VIRAL HEPATITIS, ONLY ACQUIRED AS CO-INFECTION WITH HBV, HOST MUST BE INFECTED WITH ACUTE OR CHRONIC HBV FOR IT TO OCCUR
Hep D
Which Hep? INCUBATION IS 2-9 WEEKS, MILD SYMPTOMS, SEEN PRIMARILY IN UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES WITH CONTAMINATED WATER SUPPLIES, NO OUTBREAKS IN US, NO VACCINE EXISTS
Hep E
Which Hep? TRANSMITTED THROUGH BLOOD, BLOOD PRODUCTS AND/OR BODILY FLUIDS, DISTANT RELATIVE OF HCV, SEEMS TO CO-EXIST WITH HBV OR HCV
INFECTIONS, FREQUENCY IS UNCLEAR, NO TREATMENT AVAILABLE
Hep G
Approximately 90% of US population is affected with this herpes virus, 99% will be subclinical with no clinical manifestations, 1% will develop full-blown disease, andMost of these are children from 6 mo to puberty.
Primary Herpetic Gingivo-stoma-titis (PHG)
What are the causes for PHG?
Herpes 1 or 2
Do you treat someone with an active PHG (or Herp 1, 2 for that matter)?
No
Herpetic _______-Affects mainly the fingers of dentists and hygienists who have come in unprotected contact with a primary or recurrent lesion.
Whitlow
Which herpes virus? CHICKEN POX, EASILY SPREAD BY DIRECT CONTACT, FEVER, HEADACHE, SORE THROAT, RASH, 14-16 DAY INCUBATION PERIOD, CHICKENPOX VACCINE
Vericella
_______ Herpes is the most common infectious cause of __________ in the industrialized world. At this point, like with all herpes virus, there is no cure.
Ocular Herpes- corneal blindness
What is the most common human virus?
Epstein Barr
Which virus am I? THE RISK OF GETTING _________ THROUGH CASUAL CONTACT IS VERY SMALL. THE VIRUS IS GENERALLY PASSED FROM INFECTED PEOPLE TO OTHERS THROUGH DIRECT CONTACT WITH BODY FLUIDS, SUCH AS URINE, SALIVA, OR BREAST MILK. _____ IS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED. IT CAN ALSO BE SPREAD THROUGH TRANSPLANTED ORGANS AND BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS.
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV)
Stay Healthy :______ when lesion is present, if there is a doubt, wait.
Do not treat
