Post Prelim Work Flashcards
Features of ammonia
Ammonia is
-soluable
- dissolves in water to produce an alkaline solution
-a pungent gas
Why is an iron catalyst used during the Haber process
To increase the reaction rate
Word equation for the haber process
nitrogen + hydrogen ⇌ ammonia.
“500•c”and “iron catalyst” above and below arrows
N2+3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
How is the haber process made economical
Unreacted reactants are recycled
What happens if the temperature is too low during the Haber process
The reaction is too slow to be economical
What happens if the temperature is too high in the haber process
The ammonia decomposes
Is the haber process reversible
Yes
What is the definition of the Ostwald process
The Ostwald process is the catalytic oxidation of ammonia which is used for the production of nitric acid
What is the word equation for the Ostwald process
Ammonia
+
Oxygen —> nitric acid
+
Water
platinum catalyst written above arrow
Growing plants require nutrients containing three chemical, what are these 3 chemsicals
-nitrogen (N)
-phosphorus (P)
- potassium (K)
What are fertilisers
Fertilisers are substances which restore elements ,essential for healthy plant growth , to the soil
What two components are important to produce soluable ,nitrogen containing, salts
Ammonia and nitric acid
Word equation for fertiliser production
Ammonia solution + an acid —> ammonium salt + water
the ammonia solution is alkaline
Eg
NH3 + NO3–> NH4NO3 + H20
What are the three types of radiation
-Alpha
-Beta
-Gamma
Order of the three radiation particles based on what does the most damage to cells (heaviest to lightest)
Alpha, beta, gamma
Which of the three radiation particles are the slowest
Alpha
What can stop an Alpha particle
A sheet of paper
How many protons and neutrons are present in an alpha Particle
2 protons , 2 neutrons
Where do alpha particles come from
The nucleus of a radioactive atom
How can alpha particles be represented
4 2+
He
2
How can beta particles be represented
0 -
e
-1
How are beta particles formed
When a neutron splits up into an electron and a proton
Are beta particles high speed electrons
Yes
How can you stop a beta particle
A thin sheet of aluminium
Where do gamma rays come from
The nucleus of a radioactive atom
How can you stop a gamma ray
Thick lead or concrete
How are protons represented
1
P
1
How are neutrons represented
1
n
0
What is a half life
The half life is the time for half of the nucleus of a particular isotope to decay.
Can the half-life of an isotope be affected by chemical or physical conditions
No
What uses do radioisotopes have
Radioisotopes have a range of uses in medicine and industry
