POST modern therapies Flashcards
Solution-Focused Therapy - Phase of Treatment
Middle
Identify strengths, resources and traits client already has used to deal with problem; Utilize solution-talk; Identify exceptions to problems; Utilize scaling questions to reflect on the nature of change the client has experienced; Feedback to clients that include compliments and tasks; catch and highlight small changes; compliments / cheer-leading.
Solution-Focused Therapy
Theory of Change
– Change occurs through accessing client’s strengths and resources. Emphasizes finding solutions to a problem, not on discovering the cause or origins of the problem.
Narrative Therapy - Interventions
Deconstructive Questions
WHAT IS THE PERSON REALLY TRYING TO SAY (what does it mean to be an underachiever) Questions that clarify meaning and help people unpack their stories. They encourage clients to situate their narratives in broader contexts.
Narrative Therapy - Interventions
Writing a Letter
client writing a letter to self and others to reinforce a new story
Narrative Therapy
Theory of Change
–Change occurs by separating patient from problem and creating a new narrative or story, which emphasizes the client’s competencies and strengths.
Narrative Therapy - Phase of Treatment
End
–Document and support new story; Write letter to self and others
Solution-Focused Therapy - Interventions
Exception Questioning
– The therapist asks the client to think of a time in his life when the particular problem did not exist and what the client did differently during this time. The goal here is to focus on what has worked in the past to provide the client with a positive perspective. Example: “Tell me about the times when you don’t get angry.”
Solution-Focused Therapy - Phase of Treatment
End
– Assist client to identify things they can do to continue the changes they have made; Identify hurdles or perceived barriers that could get in the way of the changes they made.
Solution-Focused Therapy - Phase of Treatment
Beginning
– Join with client competencies; Envision preferred future; begin to identify client’s strengths; use
solution-oriented language; come up with achievable goals.
Solution-Focused Therapy - Interventions
Presupposing Change
– LEAD OFF BY ASKING ABOUT THE GOOD THINGS Rather than focusing on the problem that brought
the client in, the therapist can ask the client questions to focus on the positive changes that have been occurring. Example: “What’s different, or better since the last time we met?”
Narrative Therapy
Treatment Goals
– •Deconstruct problem-saturated stories in order to create more helpful stories.
•Re-authoring the story—having a new story emerge.
Solution-Focused Therapy - Interventions
Coping Questions
– A WAY OF HELPING CLIENTS IDENTIFY RESOURCES THAT WILL HELP THE CLIENT DO BETTER If a client has trouble identifying positive change, these questions are asked by the therapist in order to illustrate resources that the client already has. This can include validating the client’s difficulties while also
showing that she is still able to get up in the morning, go to school, etc. This highlights the client’s strengths without undermining her view of reality. These questions are supportive while also challenging the client and shifting the focus away from problem-focused narratives. Example: “How do you keep going each day even when it feels like there is no hope?”
Narrative Therapy - Interventions
Externalizing the Problem
–Separating the person from the problem story;
Example: “What is anxiety trying to tell you to do?”).
Solution-Focused Therapy - Interventions
Miracle Questioning
– The therapist asks the client to envision how the future will be when the problem no longer exists and what her life looks like then. Example: “Imagine that tomorrow morning you wake up and a miracle has happened. What would be different that will tell you a miracle has happened and your problem has been solved?”
Narrative Therapy - Phase of Treatment
Beginning
–Client is invited to tell their Problem-Saturated Stories –the reason client is seeking therapy
Narrative Therapy - Interventions
Enlisting a Witness
–Inviting someone who has a sense of who the client is to support & witness the re-authoring process
Solution-Focused Therapy
Therapists Role
– •Therapist is a consultant, coach
Solution-Focused Therapy - Interventions
Scaling Questions
– RATE HOW THEY ARE FEELING ABOUT THERE PROBLEM RIGHT NOW. The therapist asks the client to think of a scale ranging from the worst things could be to the best. The client then rates his current position on the scale and is asked to identify how he could move up or down
the scale. The client is also encouraged to identify what point on the scale would be good enough or where his “perfect future” is. Example: “You said that things are between a 4 and a 5. What would
need to happen so that things were between a 5 and 6?”
Narrative Therapy
Therapist’s Role
–•Collaborator
•Investigator
•Co-author
•Views individuals as the experts on their own lives
Solution-Focused Therapy
Treatment Goals
– •Client implements small and large changes to achieve their preferred future
•Client builds on current strengths and resources
Solution-Focused Therapy - Interventions
Affirmations / Compliments
– Regularly acknowledge, progress, strengths and resources. Example: Tell the client, “I am impressed you are sitting in that chair again after what you just went through”.
Narrative Therapy - Phase of Treatment
Early/Middle
–The problem is externalized; Mapping the influence/effects of the problem; Identify/explore unique outcomes; Re-author story; Enlist a witness
Narrative Therapy - Interventions
Social Constructivism
--EXTERNALIZING THE PROBLEM (separating the person from the problem) Where the messages are coming from; focus is on the present and past—the current problem and the history of the problem. Special attention is given to social issues, such as culture, gender, race, disability, social class Questions like: what type of things happen when depression takes over?
Narrative Therapy - Interventions
Identifying Unique Outcomes
–Times in the client’s life during which the client was able to resist the effects of the problem. If they can’t think of one help them imagine one
Narrative Therapy - Interventions
Mapping the Influence
–Process of eliciting from the client a detailed description of the problem’s effect and influence on client’s life and relationships.
