Post 1850 Flashcards
Social class
Development of middle class - not born into aristocracy but went to public schools, owned factories
Amateurism and professionalism
Bit of beef between upper (amateurs) and lower (pros) classes
Amateur
People who take part in sport but do not get paid to do so
Professional
People who take part in physical activities with a monetary reward
Amateur and professionalism
Cricket
Amateurs - upper class, had prestigious roles like captain and batted
Professionals - working class, bowled and cleaned kit
Amateurism and professionalism
Broken time payments
Where lower classes were paid in order to miss a days work to play
Amateurism and professionalism
Golf
In 1861 -> developed Open Championships for professionals and amateurs
Gender and the changing status of women
Seen as property of husbands
Limited education
Taunton report 1868, efforts to increase schooling for girls, efforts such as this led to more women getting involved in sport
Law and order
Development of law force and written laws affected type of activities that could be undertaken
E.g. Decline in blood sports
Law makers were from upper and middle played though, so they held onto their sports
Education and literacy
Working class preferred money from child labour (a common practice)
1870 Forster Act modernised education in England - making education more accessible
Availability of time and money
Development of factories working hours were long - 72 hour working weeks were common, 12 hour working shifts, little energy for time and sport
Intro in Saturday half-day was good
Type and availability of transport
Development of railways was huge, allowing fixtures to be played and spectators to travel around the country
Influence of public schools
Originally not in curriculum as associated with fagging system, Dr Thomas Arnold of Rugby school changed the ethos, encouraging sport,
Set up the housing system alongside cult of athleticism
However, many sports such as mob football didn’t fit with this idea, so the boys introduced rules boundaries, limited numbers, created goals
Influence of public schools in the spread and export of games
1845 pupils at Rugby wrote the rules of their football
1863, a common set of rules was decided for football by the FA, made up of ex public school boys
Social and cultural factors we have to know for post 1850
Social class - amateurism and professionalism Gender Law and order Education Availability of time Availability of money Transport - railways Influence of public schools -on promotion and organisation of sport -promotion of ethics -cult of athleticism -spread of export of games
