Positive Reinforcement

Question 1

positive reinforcement

Answer 1

occurs when a response is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus and as a result, similar responses occur more frequently in the future.

Question 2

automatic reinforcement

Answer 2

behavior produces own reinforcement independent of the mediation of others

Question 3

unconditioned reinforcer

Answer 3

stimulus change that functions as reinforcement even though the learner has had no particular learning history

Question 4

conditioned reinforcer

Answer 4

previously neutral stimulus change that has acquired the capability to function as a reinforcer through stimulus-stimulus pairing

Question 5

generalized conditioned reinforcer

Answer 5

a conditioned reinforcer that as a result of having been paired with many unconditioned and conditioned reinforcers does not depend on an EO

Question 6

concurrent schedule of reinforcement

Answer 6

2 or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for 2 or more behaviors

Question 7

progressive-ratio schedule of reinforcement

Answer 7

the response requirement for reinforcement are increased systematically over time independent of the participants behavior

Question 8

multiple schedule of reinforcement

Answer 8

2 or more component schedules of reinforcement for a single response with only one component schedule in effect. an SD signals that presence of each schedule.

Question 9

Premack principle

Answer 9

making the opportunity to engage in a BX that occurs at a relatively high free operant rate contingent on the occurrence of a low frequency BX.

Question 10

response deprivation hypothesis

Answer 10

a model for predicting whether access to one BX will function as reinforcement for another BX based on the relative baseline rates at which each BX occurs

Question 11

stimulus preference assessment

Answer 11

variety of procedures used to determine:
the stimuli that a person prefers
the relative preference value of those stimuli
the conditions under which those preference values change

Question 12

free operant observation

Answer 12

contrived- researcher palnts possible reinforcer around area

naturalistic- everyday environment.

Question 13

trial based methods

Answer 13

single stimulus- stimulus presented, persons reaction is noted
paired stimuli- (forced choices) records which of 2 choices person chooses
multiple stimuli- person chooses from an array of 3 or more stimuli

Question 14

reinforcer assessment

Answer 14

refers to a variety of direct, data based methods use to present 1 or more simuli contingent on a target response and then measuring the future effects on the rate of responding