POSC CH 1-5 Flashcards
what is politics
who gets what, when and how
what is government?
This is designed to provide “public goods”: goods that benefit everyone but that no individual or group on its own can afford to supply.
what is political efficacy?
the Belief in the ability to influence what government does
A system that allows citizens to vote directly for laws and policies.
Direct Democracy
Citizens need this to properly assess their interests
and know when to act on them.
political knowledge
Two groups of people negatively impacted by Great Britain’s new taxes.
New England Merchants and Southern planters.
The first written Constitution in the U.S.
AOC
The tipping point of the Articles of Confederation (the last straw)
Shay’s Rebellion
A plan calling for a system of proportional representation based on population size.
Virginia Plan
Direct election of senators was instituted with this & the year it was passed.
17th amendment - 1913
states’ rights amendment in the Bill of Rights
10th Amendment
This type of federalism has intergovernmental cooperation that has blurred the lines between the states and the national governments.
marble cake/cooperative
This Supreme Court case overturned/struck down DOMA
US v. Windsor (2013)
The Supreme Court case that ruled that the U.S. Congress had, through its implied powers, the legal right to charter a national bank
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
This event triggered the transition from dual federalism to cooperative federalism.
great depression
This Supreme Court case ruled that children cannot be required to salute the flag if it violates their religious faith.
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)
This entity determines whether sufficient evidence is available to justify trial
the Grand Jury
the right of every citizen to be free of arbitrary action by the national or state government
due process
This Supreme Court case ruled that Obamacare’s requirement that employers provide female employees with free contraceptive coverage violated employers’ religious beliefs
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores (2014).
the Supreme Court ruled that prosecutors could not attach a Global Positioning System (GPS) device to a vehicle to secretly monitor a suspect
US v. Jones (2012)
what is the insider strategy?
When movement leaders of work inside the political system to pass legislation, win a court case or secure an executive order
This Supreme Court Case found that laws criminalizing sexual behavior are a violation of the right to privacy.
Lawrence v. TX (2003)
This law barred literacy and other tests for voting and set criminal penalties for interference with efforts to vote.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
States particularly in the South require people voting to bring this; often negatively impacting communities of color and folks on the lower end of the SES spectrum.
Voter ID laws
The process by which a group of people organize and act based on a shared goal?
Collective Action
Gibbons v. Ogden
Congress, not states, has the power to regulate interstate commerce.
Miranda v. Arizona
The Fifth Amendment requires that law enforcement officials advise suspects of their right to remain silent and to obtain an attorney during interrogations while in police custody.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Mandating “separate but equal” facilities for Black and white Americans
Loving v. Virginia
state laws prohibiting interracial marriage were unconstitutional.
Brown v. Board of Education
outlawed racial segregation in public schools
Obergefell v. Hodges
ruled that the equal protection clause guaranteed same-sex couples the right to marry
What are the five Beauties of American representative democracy?
Federalism, bicameralism, staggered elections, C&B, Separation of powers
Representative democracy
people select representatives
Direct democracy
A system that permits citizens to vote directly on laws and policies
Bill of rights
personal freedom
Civil liberties
limitations on the government’s ability to
interfere with the individual
Civil rights
guarantees of equal opportunity and protection
Implied powers
stem from elastic clause
expressed powers
powers granted by constitution to congress & President (article 1, section 8)
3 branches of govt
legislative, executive, judiciary
Do Americans trust the government?
Public trust has declined, many reluctant to grant govt too much power
Digital citizenship
ability to participate in society online
1st Continental Congress
A meeting of delegates from 12 American colonies in 1774
Declaration of Independence (as a philosophical & political document)
- States rights are unalienable 2. Explains why the colonists rebelled against Great Britain and
sought self-government
New Jersey plan
Each state has to have equal representation
Shay’s rebellion revealed?
weakness of AOC
Constitutional government
A system of rule in which formal and effective limits are placed on the powers of the government
13th, 14th, 15th amendments
13th: abolished slavery
14th: equal protection rights & due process
15th: voting rights for black men
To enter a local workplace is a ____ power, which is given to ____
police, states
4th amendment
Guarantees the security of the citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures (United States v. Jones)
Selection of the president through an ____
electoral college
Outside strategy
Organizing to transform public opinion
A series of programs and policies implemented by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) in response to the Great Depression
New Deal
Mechanisms through which each branch of government can participate in and influence activities of the other branches
Checks and Balances
Organizations mounted after the Brown decision
Montgomery Bus Boycott (started after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat)
Federalists
Stronger govt, supported constitution, wrote federalists papers
Antifederalists
Strong state govt, decentralized govt
Amendment that gives freedom of religion
1st amendment
Establishment Clause vs Free Exercise Clause (hint: religion)
- Freedom from the state imposing any particular religion
- Freedom to practice religion of choice w/o state interference
Marbury vs. Madison
Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States
17th amendment
Election of senators
District of Columbia v. Heller
2nd amendment provides a constitutional right to keep a loaded gun at home for self-defense
