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CompTIA A+ > Ports/Protocols and TCPIP > Flashcards

Ports/Protocols and TCPIP Flashcards

1
Q

What are ports?

A

A logical port identified with numbers

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2
Q

What are Protocols?

A

Methods of communication agreed upon accross different OS’s

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3
Q

FTP

  • What does FTP Stand for?
  • What 2 Ports/Protocols are used by FTP and what does each do?
A
  • File Transfer Protocol
  • 20 (TCP) - Used to send Data
  • 21 (TCP) - Used to pass control information
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4
Q

SSH

  • What does SSH stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Secure Shell
  • Encrypted Remote Administration
  • 22 (TCP)
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5
Q

Telnet

  • What does Telnet allow for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • UnEncrypted Remote Administration
  • 23 (TCP)
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6
Q

DNS

  • What does DNS stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Domain Name Service
  • Use to translate Hostnames to IP Addresses and vice versa
  • 53 (TCP and UDP)
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7
Q

DHCP

  • What does DHCP stand for?
  • What 2 Ports/Protocol are used?
A
  • Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  • 67 and 68 (TCP)
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8
Q

NBTStat (NetBIOS)

  • What 3 Ports are used by NBTStat (NetBIOS) and what does each do?
  • What Protocol is used?
A
  • 137 - Gets names of PCs
  • 138 - Sends one-time info to remote PC (Datagram)
  • 139 - Creates long-term session to remote PC (Session)
  • TCP and UDP
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9
Q

SNMP

  • What does SNMP stand for?
  • What 2 Ports/Protocol are used and what do they each do?
A
  • Simple Network Management Protocol
  • 161 (UDP) - Receives requests from Agents and used for communication
  • 162 (UDP) - Receives notifications (traps) from Agents
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10
Q

LDAP

  • What does LDAP stand for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Lightweigth Directory Access Protocol
  • 389 (TCP and UDP)
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11
Q

SMB

  • What does SMB stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Server Message Block
  • Used to share data accross the network
  • 445 (TCP)
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12
Q

SMTP

  • What does SMTP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
  • Used to send unencrypted email
  • 25 (TCP)
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13
Q

SSMTP

  • What does SSMTP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Secure Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
  • Used to send encrypted email
  • 465 (TCP)
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14
Q

POP3

  • What does POP3 stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Post Office Protocol v3
  • Used to receive unencrypted email. Only stored in Client.
  • 110 (TCP)
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15
Q

SPOP

  • What does SPOP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Secure Post Office Protocol
  • Used to receive Encrypted email. Only stored in Client.
  • 995 (TCP)
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16
Q

IMAP

  • What does IMAP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Internet Message Access Protocol
  • Used to receiving unencrypted email. Stored in Server and Client
  • 143 (TCP)
17
Q

SIMAP

  • What SIMAP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Secure Internet Message Access Protocol
  • Used to receiving Encrypted email. Stored in Server and Client
  • 993 (TCP)
18
Q

RDP

  • What does RDP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Remote Desktop Protocol
  • Allows for remoting into Windows machines securely
  • 3389 (TCP)
19
Q

TFTP

  • What does TFTP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Trivial File Transfer Protocol
  • Used to transfer unencrypted files to other machines. Not 100% reliable and has less features than FTP
  • 69 (UDP)
20
Q

SFTP

  • What does SFTP stand for?
  • What is it used for?
  • What Port/Protocol is used?
A
  • Secure File Transfer Protocol
  • Used to transfer files to other machines (Encrypted)
  • 22 (TCP)
21
Q

Provide 3 common applications that make use of TCP

A
  • File Transfer
  • Email
  • Web Browsing
22
Q

Provide 3 common applications that make use of UDP

A
  • VoIP / Video Conference Equipment
  • Online Gaming
  • Live Streams
23
Q

Ports are part of what OSI Layer?

A

Layer 4 (Transport)

24
Q

Protocols are part of what OSI Layer?

A

Layer 7 (Application)

25
Q

How are Ports and Protocols Related?

A

Ports and Protocols have default mappings

26
Q

Port numbers have a range of:

A

0 to 65,535

27
Q

Can Port numbers can be changed? Why or why not?

A

Yes.

For Obfuscation, aka making something obscure

28
Q

What is TCP/IP?

A

The internet’s Protocol Combination

29
Q

In TCP/IP, what is TCP used for?

A

Responsible for transporting/routing data to the destination correctly

30
Q

In TCP/IP, what is IP used for?

A

Obtains and defines the address (IP) of the application/device where the data must be sent to

31
Q

What is a Socket?

A

Is an IP Address and a Port concatenated

(Ex. 152.199.244.163:443)

32
Q

TCP can be defined as

A

Connection Oriented. Acknowledgement is required, also known as a 3-way handshake

33
Q

UDP can be defined as

A

Connection-less. Inaccurate and unreliable but fast

34
Q

Name an advantage and disadvantage of using:

  • TCP
  • UDP
A
  • TCP - Accurate because data loss is unacceptable, but slow due to overhead
  • UDP - Inaccurate because data loss is acceptable but fast and used when speed is critical

CompTIA A+ (25 decks)

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