Ports & Protocols Flashcards
1
Q
Transmission Control Protocol
TCP
A
- Connection oriented
- Reliable delivery
- Can manage out of order message or retransmissions
- Loads / unloads the moving truck
- Checks for missing or out of order cargo
2
Q
User Datagram Protocol
UDP
A
- Connectionless
- Unreliable / No confirmation
- No recording of data or retransmissions
- Loads / Unloads moving truck
- Doesn’t care for missing or out of order cargo
3
Q
Lots of Ports
A
- IPv4 with TCP / UDP
- Server IP address , server application , port number
- Client IP address , client port number (4)
- Non-ephemeral ports = Permanent port numbers
- Usually on a server or service
- Ephemeral ports = Temporary port numbers
- Determined in real-time by client workstation
4
Q
Port Numbers
A
- TCP & UDP ports can be any number between 0 - 65,535
- Most servers (services) use non-ephemeral port #’s
- Port #’s are for communication, not security
- Service port #’s need to be “well known”
- TCP port #’s & UDP port #’s are not the same
5
Q
File Transfer Protocol
FTP
A
- FTP - File Transfer Protocol
- Port #20 (active mode data) tcp/20
- Port #21 (control) tcp/21
- Transfers files between systems
- Authenticates with user name & password
- Full-featured functionality (list , add , delete)
6
Q
Secure Shell
SSH
A
- SSH - Secure shell
- Port #22
- Encrypted communication link
- Looks & acts the same as Telnet
7
Q
Telecommunication Network
Telnet
A
- Telnet - Telecommunication Network
- Port #23
- Login to devices remotely
- Console access
- Unencrypted / not best choice for production
8
Q
Email Protocols
A
- Email client protocols - Receive Mail
- PoP3 & IMAP4
- SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
- Sending email & server to server email transfer
- PoP3 = Port #110 - (Receive email into client)
- IMAP4 = Port #143 - (A newer client email protocol)
- SMTP = Port #25 - (Transfer between Servers)
9
Q
Domain Name System
DNS
A
- Converts name to IP address - UDP/53
- These are very critical resources
10
Q
Web Browsing Protocol
A
- Communication in the browser
- In the clear or encrypted
- HTTP = Port #80 - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
- HTTPS = Port #443 - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
11
Q
Remote Desktop Protocol
RDP
A
- Share A desktop from a remote location
- Port #3389
- Remote desktop services on many Windows versions
- Connection with entire desktop or just one app.
- Client for Windows , Mac OS, Linux , Unix , iPhone
12
Q
Server Message Block
SMB
A
- Protocol used by Microsoft Windows
- File sharing , Printer sharing
- Also called CIFS (Common Internet File System)
- Using NetBIOS over TCP/IP
- udp/137 - NetBIOS name services (nbname)
- udp/138 - NetBIOS datagram services (nbdatagram)
- udp/139 - NetBIOS session service (nbsession)
- Directs over tcp/445 (NetBIOSless)
- Direct SMB communication over TCP
13
Q
Apple Filing Protocols
AFP
A
- File services in MacOS
- Port #548 = tcp/548
- Works with SLP (Service Location Protocol)
- SLP = Port #427 & UDP/427
14
Q
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHCP
A
- Automated configuration of IP address , subnet mask
- Uses udp/67 & udp/68
- Requires a DHCP server
- Dynamic
- IP addresses are assigned in real time from pool
- Each system has lease & renew at set intervals
- Static
- Addresses are assigned by MAC address in DHCP server
- Quickly re-addresses server from one location
15
Q
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
LDAP
A
- Protocol for reading & writing directories over an IP network
- X.500 specification was written by international telecommunications union (ITU)
- “DAP” ran on OSI protocol stack
- LDAP is a protocol used to query & update an x.500 directory
- Windows = Active Directory / Apple = Open Directory
