Ports and Protocols Facts Flashcards
a set of rules that define how devices communicate on the network
protocol
Whenever data is sent across the internet or an internal network, the specific protocol used is based on the type of data and how it is being transmitted. (true/false)
true
Each protocol uses a specific port to send and receive traffic. A computer port is like a door into the system. There are 65,536 possible network ports. The port number tells the host device the type of traffic being sent and where to send it to. Network devices, such as firewalls, use port numbers to block or reroute traffic. (true/false)
true
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) uses what two ports?
20 and 21
transfer control information such as authentication and file information
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) port 21
transfer the data
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) port 20
-provides a generic method of transferring files.
-It can include usernames and passwords to provide file security.
-It allows file transfer between dissimilar computer systems.
-transfer both binary and text files, including HTML, to another host.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
FTP URLs are preceded by ftp:// followed by the DNS name of the FTP server.
facts
Secure Shell (SSH) uses which port number?
22
-allows for secure interactive control of remote systems.
-All communication using this type of protocol is encrypted and is typically used to remotely login to a network device, such as a switch.
-used to securely transfer files.
Secure Shell (SSH)
Telnet uses which port number?
23
-used to remotely connect to another system.
-Be aware that all data is transmitted in cleartext.
-Because of this, this type of protocol is not used often.
Telnet
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) uses what port number
25
this type of protocol is used for sending emails
simple mail transfer protocol (smtp)
Domain Name System (DNS) uses what port number
53
provides address to name resolution. For example, it identifies the IP address for the name www.testout.com.
domain name system (dns)
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) uses what port number
67/68
-used to dynamically assign IP addressing information to network hosts when they come online.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
The client sends the DHCP request on which port
67
The server sends the DHCP configuration on which port
68
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) uses what port number
80
-used by web browsers and web servers to exchange hypermedia (such as web pages) through the World Wide Web and intranets.
-uses no encryption, so it is not secure.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
port 80
Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) uses what port number
110
-used to retrieve email from a remote server to a local client over an IP connection.
-email messages are downloaded to the client.
Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) port 110
Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) over TCP/IP (NetBT) uses what port number
137, 139
-used to establish the connection between two computers.
Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) over TCP/IP (NetBT) port 139
-used to transfer data during the session.
Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) over TCP/IP (NetBT) port 137
NetBIOS is the term used to describe the combination of two protocols: NetBEUI and NetBIOS. NetBIOS was used in early Windows networks. Because NetBIOS is a non-routable protocol, it was often combined with IP to enable internetwork communications.
facts
NetBIOS over TCP/IP is used to allow older computers and applications that rely on NetBIOS to communicate on a TCP/IP network.
facts
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) uses what port number
143
-an email retrieval protocol designed to enable users to access their email from various locations without transferring messages or files between computers.
-Messages remain on the remote mail server and are not automatically downloaded to a client system.
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) uses what port numbers
161,162
used by the SNMP manager to query agents
Port 161 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
used by agents to send alerts to the SNMP manager
Port 162 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
-used to monitor and manage network devices.
-can be installed on network devices such as PCs, switches, firewalls, printers, and routers.
-send data to an SNMP manager which is typically installed on a server.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
The SNMP manager aggregates the information and displays an overview of the current network status. Thresholds can be configured which trigger alerts if exceeded.
facts
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) uses what port number
389
protocol used to access this information across the network
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
-open-source, vendor neutral protocol.
-It can work with other directory services, not just Microsoft’s Active Directory.
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
Network information such as usernames, passwords, computer accounts, group policies, and other user and device information are stored in a directory service such as Microsoft’s Active Directory.
facts
Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer (HTTPS) uses what port number
443
secure form of HTTP that uses TLS to encrypt all communication.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer (HTTPS)
Referred to as HTTP over SSL
Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer (HTTPS)
Server Message Block (SMB)/Common Internet File System (CIFS) uses which port number
445
-enables the sharing of folders and printers on the network.
-remote users can access files in a shared folder on a server or workstation. -Likewise, a remote user can send print jobs to a shared printer.
Server Message Block (SMB)/Common Internet File System (CIFS)
Microsoft uses SMB to implement CIFS to share data across a Windows-based network.
facts
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) uses which port number
3389
proprietary Microsoft protocol that allows a user to view and use the graphical desktop of a remote computer system as if they were sitting in front of it.
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
Local input devices such as the mouse and keyboard can be used to perform tasks on the remote machine.
facts
Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) which port number
548
Service Location Protocol (SLP) which port number
427
Port 22:
Secure Shell (SSH)
Port 80:
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Port 443:
HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
Port 445:
Server Message Block (SMB/CIFS) directly over TCP
Port 143:
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
Port 427:
Service Location Protocol (SLP)
Port 548:
Apple Filing Protocol (AFP)
