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Fortified Wines > Port > Flashcards

Port Flashcards

1
Q

Major Quintas?

A 
Fladgate partnership 
Quinta Vargellas - Taylors 
Taylor’s Quinta de Terra Feita
Quinta de Cruzerio 
Fronseca Quinta do Panascal
Quinta Santo Antonio (organic) 
Symington 
Quinta Vesuvio 
Dow’s Quinta do Bomfim
Cockburn Quinta dos Canais 
Warres Quinta do Cavadinha

Quinta de Noval
Touriga Nacional on own rootstocks - constantly replanted due to phylloxera.
French ownership

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2
Q

Who are the Fladgate group?

A

Taylor Fladgate Yeatman
1682 (Taylor’s)
Taylor’s, Fronseca, Croft, Krohn
Adrian Bridge is CEO
Croft pink Port - innovative bought in 2001
Krohn - famous for Colheita ports
500ha of vine
Taylor’s popularized LBV
Quinta Vargellas - Douro Superiore (Taylor)
Quinta de terra feita (Taylor) Cima Corgo
Quinta do junco - Cima Corgo

Quinta de Cruzeiro
Quinta Santo Antonio (organic)
Quinta Panascal

Croft 1588

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3
Q

Favoured rootstock in the Douro?

A

R110 + 1130P

Drought tolerant + low vigor

(Except Quinta do Noval which is on own roots)

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4
Q

What is the Cadastro?

A 
Register of vineyards 
140,000 vineyard plots
Graded A-F on a 12 point audit 
Aspect 
Altitude
Location 
Yield
Soil type
Vine training
Vine age
Vine density
Shelter
Varieties 
Angle of slope
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5
Q

What is the Beneficio?

A

Stock balancing exercise controlled through the regulation of grape spirit sales.

Maximum amount of wine that may be fortified.

Based on vineyard grade - better grade = more spirit to fortify wine.

Introduced in 1938
Regulated by the IVDP

Some pressure to get rid of beneficio - growers get double for port grapes than table wine

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6
Q

What is the Symington Group?

A

Largest shipper
Dow, Warre, Graham, Cockburn, Quinta de Vesuvio
26 Quinta
940ha under vine
112ha under organic management
Some experimental vineyards, and a vine variety nursery - 50 indigenous species
Robotic Lagares in 1998
Distribution companies - Fells in Uk, premium Port wines In USA,

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7
Q

What is sogevinus?

A

Spanish group
Owns Burmeister, Barros, Gilbert’s, Kopke
Large volume of ruby + tawny ports
Mainly sold in Portugal and EU
Old Colheita ports + tawny with indication of age

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8
Q

What is Sogrape?

A 
Established 1942 
Owns Sandeman - established 1790
1880 1st company to bottle and export port from Porto
Quinta do Vau - Cima Corgo
Quinta do Seixo - heart of the Estate 
Large volume - founders ruby reserve 
Use vinoloc glass stoppers
Modern branding trying to target youth market 
The Don - label mascot
Portugal’s largest wine producer owned by Guedes Family•	
Success founded on Mateus Rose• 
Owns Port shippers Ferreira, Sandeman 
Working to revive Sandeman brand in Uk
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9
Q

Who are Porto Cruz?

A

Largest single brand
Dominates French market + Belgium and Luxembourg
Apron 10million bottles per year
Owned by Martiniquaise - French drinks distributor

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10
Q

Quinta do Noval

A 
1715
Only Quinta to share its name with the shipper.
Released the first LBV in 1958
Pinhao In Cima Corgo
Owned by AXA
Vintage Ruby Nacional is highly sought after
145ha grade A
Hand picked 
Foot trood for Nacional
Aged at the Estate in Douro
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11
Q

Taylors

A

1682

Robust and built for age

Quinta Vargellas - Douro Superiore (Taylor)
Quinta de terra feita (Taylor) Cima Corgo
Quinta do junco - Cima Corgo

Vargellas vinha velha - 80-120 yr old vines bottled on rare vintages like 2017

Winery in vila nova de Gaia

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12
Q

Dow

A 
1877
Vila Nova de Gaia 
Quinta Bomfim - Cima Corgo
Quinta Senhora da Ribeira - Douro Superiore
Drier more tannic style
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13
Q

Graham

A

Quinta dos Malvedos
Quinta do Tua
Quinta das Lages - organic for organic reserve port
Richer more generous style

Aged in Vila Nova de Gaia

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14
Q

Warre

A

1670
Vila Nova de Gaia
Quinta da Cavadinha
Quinta de retiero antigo

Warrior reserve ruby
Otima 10 & 20 yr tawny

Dark and concentrated
Robotic treading

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15
Q

Cockburn

A

1815
Quinta dos Canais - Douro Superior
Bought by Symington in 2010
Focus on special reserve

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16
Q

Croft

A

1588
Quinta do Roeda
Jewel of the Douro - one of the best vineyards
Vintage and aged tawny ports
2008 - Pink port - light skin contact, 7 day ferment

Full and generous house style.vintage and single Quinta is still by foot treading.

17
Q

Quinta do Vesuvio

A

Douro Superior
1560’s
Purchase by Symington in 1986

18
Q

Law of the third

A

Lei do terco

Restricts sales to 1/3 of a house’s total inventory annually.

Enforced by IVDP

19
Q

Maximum yield

A

55 hlt/ha

65hlt/ya for white port

20
Q

Describe a 30yr old Tawny Port

A

Golden amber, pale green at the rimComplex nose, exceptional density. Dried fruits, honey, spice, nutmeg, roasted coffee, nutsRich, intense, voluptous, viscous delicate fruit and raisins

21
Q

Describe basic tawny (bulk)

A

A basic style of sweet-medium-sweet Port. Aged in wooden-casks, no more than 2-3years like Ruby Port. Fined, filtered and bottled ready to drink. No need to decantLighter extration methods are adapted to created a less coloured wine. In some instances White Port may be added to dilute the colours.Exposed to hotter/dried conditions to speed up maturations (Upper Douro vs. Vila Nova Gaia)

22
Q

Flavours description of a basic young tawny with

A

Apperance: Light tawny-red colour fading to brick on the rimNose: Baked red fruits, dried fruits (fig/plum), sweet spices, hints of vanilla. DevelopedPalate: Same as aromas. rich jammy favours, roasted almonds, medium acidity, high alcoholcan show more complexity, concentration, and oxidative notes*

23
Q

LBV port description

A

Apperance: Clear, usually dark and ruby

Nose: intense, primary fruit aromas (black fruit jammy) dried fruit, spice (blk pepper), cigar box, leathery aromas.

Palate: Sweet, full bodied, medium alcohol, high tannin, medium acidity. Same as aromas.
Long Finish

24
Q

Ruby port description

A

Appereance: Bright and clear deep coloured
Nose: Clean nose, medium intensity, cooked dark fruit aromas, dark plum, dark cherry, some tertiary notes, chocolate and slightly medicinal notes.
Fully developed

Palate: Sweet, medium + acidity, medium tannins, high alchoho, med body, med + intensity. Candied cherry, sweet spice (cinnamon), pastry, caramel. Med - finish.

25
Q

Describe Garrafeira

A

Made from a single harvest (similar to Colheita) aged for a mininum of 7years in a demijohn then after 20-40years it is decanted off its sediment and rebottles in a conventional 75cl bottle

26
Q

Describe a good 10yr old tawny port

A

Colour: garnet to brown.

Aromas: Complex orange peel and cinnamon aromas, prunes, raisins and figs.

A full and generous flavour, with a long, clean finish.they have aromas and flavours of walnuts, coffee, chocolate and caramel, to accompany faded and developed versions of the berry fruit notes of younger Port

27
Q

Describe white port

A

Rich, fragrant nose with aromas of mellow fruit and hints of honey and oak. Full body; velvety palate and long flavoursome finish.

28
Q

Why is port fortified on skins?

A

Because of the hot climate conditions and the fact that the winemaker needs enough sugars in the wine, the extraction of the colours and tannins has to be done in 2-3 days.Rapid extraction of colour and tannin is key in Port production due to the shortened fermentation period.

29
Q

Tinta cao

A

Rarest and low yielding
more feminine of the Port grape varieties.When the fruit reaches full maturity the wines are deeply coloured, aromatic with wild flowers and red fruits.It can reach an alcohol potential of 13.5%. It adds Tannin to wines and is thus a key component in aging potential.

30
Q

Tinta Barroca

A

s thin-skinned so can suffer excess heat.
Adds high sugar levels to the must.
3rd most planted
Early ripening
planted mainly in the Baixo Corgo and Cima Corgo
It provides softness, body, rustic qualities, high in alcohol with jammy flavours of cherry and blackberry.
It lacks in complexity and acidity
gives soft and fruity wines = Ruby Port.

31
Q

Symington CEO

A

Rupert Symington

Fortified Wines (4 decks)

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