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Fortified Wines > Port > Flashcards

Port Flashcards

1
Q

What is lei do tergo?

A

“Law of the third”

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2
Q

What is beneficio authorization?

A
  • the maximum amount of wine maybe fortified in a given year

- based on a matrix of twelve factors

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3
Q

Name the 7 soil and climate factors scored by the VDP which grants beneficio authorization.

A 
Location
Altitude
Exposure
Bedrock
Rough Matter
Slope
Shelter
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4
Q

What are the 5 factors relating to the vine which the IVDP scores for beneficio authorization?

A
  • type of vine
  • planting density
  • yield
  • training system
  • vine age
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5
Q

What is the maximum yield for red grapes in the Douro?

A

55 hl/ha

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6
Q

What is the maximum yield for white grapes in the Douro?

A

65 hl/ha

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7
Q

What are the 9 red grapes of Porto?

A 
Touriga Nacional
Touriga Francesca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Amarela
Tinta Francisca
Bastardo
Mourisco Tinto
Tinto Cao
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8
Q

What percentage much the main red porto grapes contribute to the blend?

A

60%

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9
Q

Name the 6 white port grapes?

A 
Gouveio
Malvasia Fina
Viosinho
Rabigato
Esgana Cao
Folgasao
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10
Q

What is Vinhos ao Alta?

A

a new planting system that abandons traditional terraces in favor of planting vines in vertical rows directly up the slopes.

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11
Q

What are patamares?

A

wider terraces of the Douro’s vineyards that can be navigated by tractor.

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12
Q

True or False:

Grapes are hand harvested in the Douro.

A

True

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13
Q

What are Lagares?

A

low, open granite troughs in which port grapes were traditionally crushed by foot.

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14
Q

Describe Autovinifiers.

A

an algerian vinification technology in which the fermenting wine would be pumped over the cap by virtue of its own build up of gas

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15
Q

How many days is Port fermented?

A

2-3 days

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16
Q

What is beneficio? When does it occur?

A

The fortification of wine with spirit. Occurs when approximately 1/3 of the sugar content has been converted to alcohol.

17
Q

What is aguardente?

A

“burning water”

a 77% abv neutral grape spirit

18
Q

What is the French term for beneficio?

A

Mutage

19
Q

What is a pipe?

A

-the traditional barrel used for both aging and shipping
port wine?
-Pipes in the Douro Valley usually hold 550L
-Pipes in Villa Nova de Gaia 620 liters
-Pipes used for shipping are 523.24 liters

20
Q

How are Ruby and Tawny ports aged?

A 
Ruby Port( including vintage port)- aged in bottle
Tawny Port-aged in barrel
21
Q

Where was port mandatory to be aged until 1986?

A

In Port Lodges of Vila Nova de Gaia

-a suburb of Oporto

22
Q

Describe the requirements of Ruby Port.

A
  • most expensive style of Port
  • constitutes 1-3% of production
  • vintages only declare in exceptional harvests-typically 3 years out of every decade
23
Q

Name the 5 styles of Ruby Port.

A 
Ruby
Ruby Reserve
Vintage
Single Quinta Vintage
Late-Bottled Vintage
24
Q

What is “Vintage Character”?

A

A term replaced by “Ruby Reserve” or “Premium Ruby”

-offers more complexity and character than a basic Ruby Port

25
Q

What is a Single Quinta Vintage Port?

A
  • the product of one estate’s harvest
  • if a Port house cannot confidently declare a vintage, it may nonetheless showcase fruit of one of it’s better estates as a vintage wine.
26
Q

Give 3 examples of Single Quinta Ports.

A
  • Warre’s: Quinta da Cavadinha
  • Taylor’s: Quinta da Vargellas
  • Dow’s Quinta da Bomfim
27
Q

Describe a Late-Bottled-Vintage Port.

A

LBV Port Spends between 4-6 years in cask prior to bottling. This creates mellowed tones of tawny with the youthfulness directness of Ruby.

28
Q

What contributes to a basic Tawny Port’s pale style?

for many wines labeled “Tawny Port”

A

Not extensive oak aging which is critical to the style but:

  • provenance of grapes
  • a less-thorough extraction
  • the addition of white port to the blend
29
Q

What does “Envelhecido em Garrafa” indicate on a LBV port label?

A

an additional 3 years of bottle aging.

30
Q

What is a “Reserve Tawny”?

A

a tawny port aged for at least 7 years prior to bottling
-blended from several vintages, retains some youthful freshness, while gaining a hint of the creamy, delicate nature of a true Tawny.

31
Q

True or False:

Tawny with indication of age (10,20,30, or 40 years old is an average of the blended wines in the bottle.

A

False:
it is an approximation. The IVDP deems a port labeled “10 year tawny port” to taste like a 10 year old tawny regardless of the wine’s actual age.

32
Q

At what age do most port connoisseurs prefer tawny port?

A

20 years of age, when the balance of fruit and mature characteristics are even, the spirit is finely integrated and the wine is not overtly oxidized

33
Q

What is a Colheita Tawny Port?

A

A vintage dated port that spends a minimum of 7 years in cask-many stay in cask for decades.

Fortified Wines (5 decks)

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