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Portugal > Port > Flashcards

Port Flashcards

1
Q

If you love Fonseca, but don’t want to wait/pay a lot of money, what is another option?

A

The Guimaraens Vintage, made in years when the wines would be more supple and early maturing and not when they declare a vintage

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2
Q

What are the three estates of Fonseca?

A

Quinta do Panascal in the Távora Valley
Quinta do Cruzeiro in the Pinhão Valley
Quinta de Santo Antonio in the Pinhão Valley

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3
Q

What is the name of the treading tank in Port production?

A

Lagar

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4
Q

What is a lagar?

A

The treading tank to make Port

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5
Q

When did Fonseca acquire Quinta do Panascal?

A

1978

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6
Q

Who makes the Bin 27 port?

A

Fonseca, for the last 40 years. A port meant to be drunk young. (~$15/btl)

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7
Q

What is crusted port? Name a house.

A

Fonseca makes one.
4 years in large wooden vats, bottled without filtration, aged 3 years before release. Will form a crust (sediment) so must be decanted.

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8
Q

Who makes Vargellas Vinha Velha?

A

Taylor Fladgate. It is a single quinta wine made from 80-120 year old vines.

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9
Q

Quinta de Terra Feita is a single quinta port belonging to who?

A

Taylor Fladgate

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10
Q

What are the three subzones of the the Douro from east to west?

A

Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior

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11
Q

Who owns Quinta do Cruzeiro?

A

Fonseca

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12
Q

Who owns Quinta do Junco?

A

Taylor Fladgate
Pinhao valley
bought in 1997

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13
Q

What quinta is the backbone of Croft’s vintage port?

A

Quinta do Roêda in Cima Corgo

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14
Q

Who owns Quinta do Roêda?

A

Croft’s, first SQVP in 1995

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15
Q

Who owns Quinta dos Malvedos?

A

Graham’s, owned 1890

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16
Q

What is the name of the town where most Port lodges are located?

A

Vila Nova de Gaia

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17
Q

What is the name of the famous flat-bottomed boats of Port?

A

barcos rabelos

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18
Q

When did the Symington family purchase Graham’s?

A

1970 - also a standout declared port vintage

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19
Q

Who makes ‘Six Grapes’?

A

Graham’s

“the everyday Port for the Vintage Port drinker”

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20
Q

What does estava refer to with port?

A

It is a tasting note for “rock rose” or floral aromas.

Refers to Port and Douro reds.

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21
Q

Who is the largest collecitve landholder in the Douro?

A

The Symington family and its individual members

together they own 23 quintas and 9 wineries

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22
Q

What is the advantage of aging Port, especially the tawnies, down in Vila Nova de Gaia, rather than in Oports?

A

In the Douro, you have more temperature fluctuation and you get a higher degree of evaporation. By the coast you evaporate aboout 2.5% per year, but it would be more in the Douro.

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23
Q

What four major Port houses does Symington Family Estates own?

A

Dow’s (drier, tannic, black fruit)
Warre’s (floral, cooler fermentation)
Graham’s (slightly higher RS, more red fruit)
Cockburn’s

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24
Q

Who owns Quinta do Vesuvio?

A

Symington Family Estates

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25
Q

What Douro DOP estates do Symington Family Estates own?

A

Altano

Chrseia - Bruno Pats of Cos d’Estournel in Bordeaux and the Symington Family, It comes from Quinta de Roriz

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26
Q

When was the Douro first demarcated?

A

1756

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27
Q

What is the regulatory body of port?

A

The Douro Wine Institute
OR
Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto (IVDP)

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28
Q

What is the lei do tergo?

A

For Port wine, it restricts sales of inventory to one third annually

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29
Q

What is the beneficio authorization in Port?

A

The maximum amount of wine that may be fortified in a singe year

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30
Q

What is the maximum score on the Port beneficio scale?

A

2,361

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31
Q

What is the point range for an A on the beneficio scale?

A

over 1,200

32
Q

What is the point range for a B on the beneficio scale?

A

1,001-1,200

33
Q

What is the name of the more modern planting technique in the Douro that plants rows directly up the slopes?

A

Vinhos ao Alto

34
Q

What are the wide, terraced vineyards in the Douro called?

A

patamares

35
Q

What is the maximum yield for red grapes in the Douro?

A

55 hl/ha

36
Q

What is the maximum yield for whites grapes in the Douro?

A

65 hl/ha

37
Q

What are the authorized red grapes for Port productions? There are 14.

A

Aragonez (Tinta Roriz aka Tempranillo), Bastardo
Castelão, Cornifesto,
Donzelinho Tinto, Malvasia Preta, Marufo
Rufete, Tinta Barroca, Tinta Francisca, Tinto Cão, Touriga Franca, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)

38
Q

How much of the blend in Port must be made up of red grapes?

A

60%

39
Q

What are the white grapes authorized for production of Port? Name at least 6.

A

Gouveio, Malvasia Fina, Viosinho, Rabigato, Esgana Cão (Sercial), and Folgasão

Arinto (Pedernã), Cercial, Donzelinho-Branco, Moscatel Galego Branco, Samarrinho, Semillon, Síria (Roupeiro), Verdelho, Vital

40
Q

What is an autovinifier?

A

used in Port production, the fermenting wine would be pumped over the cap by virtue of its own buildup of gas,

41
Q

What is beneficio? What is the French name for this?

A

the fortification of wine with spirit

mutage

42
Q

What is aguardente?

A

Burning water, the spirit added to port to fortify it

77% abv

43
Q

To about what abv is port fortified with the aguardente?

A

19-22% abv

44
Q

In approximately what proportion is aguardente added to the fermenting Port wine?

A

about 1:4, but depends on the desired style

45
Q

Who pioneered Rose Port?

A

Croft’s in the late 2000s

46
Q

How many liters are in a Port pipe?

A

varies
550 liters in Douro
620 in Vila Nova de Gaia
size for shipping is set at 534.24

47
Q

How long is ruby port aged before bottling? Does it carry a vintage?

A

aged in bulk (wood, cement, or stainless steel) for 2-3 years
no vintage

48
Q

What is “ruby reserve” or “premium ruby” Port?

A

rather vague - just more complex than ruby

replaced “Vintage Character”

49
Q

Who owns Quinta da Cavadinha?

A

Warre’s

50
Q

Who owns Quinta do Bomfim?

A

Dow’s

51
Q

How long are LBV ports aged before bottling?

A

4-6 years

52
Q

What does Envelhecido em Garrafa mean on an LBV port?

A

an additional three years of bottle aging

53
Q

What term on LBV indicates three additional years of bottle aging?

A

Envelhecido em Garrafa

54
Q

How long are Reserve Tawny Ports aged?

A

At least seven years before bottling, no vintage

55
Q

What ages ranges can be put on a bottle of Tawny Port? Are they exact?
On what years to Velho and Muito Velho appear?

A

10, 20, 30, 40 years
no, they are subjective on what the wines seem to taste like
Velho can be on 10-30 years
Muito Velho can be on 40 years

56
Q

How long does Coheita Tawny spend in cask? Does it have a vintage?

A

At least 7 years (but some stay for decades)

yes, there is a vintage

57
Q

What is the minimum RS for all port?

A

17.5%

58
Q

What is the preferred soil type of Port?

A

schist

59
Q

About how much of the wines of the Douro are released as Port?

A

about 50%

60
Q

What other fortified wine besides Port is made in the Douro? What kind of age designation to they carry?

A

Moscatel Galego

they have designations like tawny port

61
Q

Until what year did all Port have to be shipped from Vila Nova de Gaia?

A

Until 1986 (when portugal joined the EU)

62
Q

When was the Treaty of Windsor signed?

A

1386

diplomatic allegiance between Portugal and England

63
Q

When was the Treaty of Methuen signed?

A

1703

preferential trade agreements between Portugal and England

64
Q

How many vineyards did the Douro Wine Company classify as the best in between 1758-1761?
What were the best called, those that were reserved for the English market?
The others?

A

335 vineyards
best were feitoria and marked with stones
The others were rama

65
Q

When did phylloxera enter the Duoro?

A

1867

66
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1920s?

A

1920, 1924, 1927

67
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1980s?

A

1980, 1983, 1985

68
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1950s?

A

1950, 1955, 1958

69
Q

What are the declared Port vintages since 2000?

A

2000, 2003, 2007, 2009, 2011

70
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1960s?

A

1960, 1963, 1966

71
Q

What are the declared Port vintages before 1920?

A

1900, 1904, 1908, 1912

72
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1970s?

A

1970, 1975, 1977

73
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1990s?

A

1991, 1994, 1997

74
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1940s?

A

1945, 1947, 1948

75
Q

What are the declared Port vintages of the 1930s?

A

1931, 1934, 1935

Portugal (3 decks)

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