Porn/rape Flashcards
Textbook learning outcome: Explain the definition of pornography, and how it differs from erotica.
Visually sexual explicit material
(I don’t think we even came to a conclusion about this in class, just that Michelangelo’s Statue of David may turn some people on but it probably wasn’t intended to? The text chapter doesn’t say anything either?? But it’s a learning outcome from the textbook, except that the chapter is focusing on VISUALLY sexually explicit material… WTF)
Textbook learning outcome: Understand whether or not viewing porn encourages young people to be come sexually active at earlier ages, and if viewing porn psychologically damages kids.
- encourages objectification of women and sexualization of girls
Sexualization of girls harms them, can potentially lead to
- impaired performance on cognitive tasks
- shame and self disgust
- Self-esteem
- Eating disorders
- attitudes and beliefs of sexuality
McEllor & Duff (2019): Porn in justice-involved men
Porn trends among sexual offenders /in general/ (McEllor & Duff, 2019)
Men who sexually offended reported LESS exposure to porn in preadolescence and adolescence
McEllor & Duff (2019): Porn in justice-involved men
How did porn usage IMMEDIATELY PRIOR to offending affect offenses? ie. 24-48 hours before
Porn use inversely related with seriousness of offences committed
But, porn had no significant impact for LOW-RISK offenders
Kingston et al. (2008): Studies of men who have sexually offended (still studies on justice-involved men)
Results suggest NEGATIVE OR NULL relationship between pornography use and sexual offending among men who have sexually offended
WITH ONE EXCEPTION: For high-risk offenders, deviant porn increases likelihood of sexual recidivism
Porn and sexual attitudes in general population
Kraus et al. (2015) meta-analysis: findings?
Positive association between porn consumption and sexual aggression, r=.28
Violent porn more strongly linked to sexual aggression
Porn predicted verbal sexual aggression more strongly than physical sexual aggression
Half & Malamuth (2015)
Danish study on men and women, exposure to non-violent porn (experimental condition) and non-porn videos (control condition)
Findings?
Lower agreeableness & higher past pornography»_space; greater acceptance of violence towards women
ONLY in low-agreeableness men: Exposure to porn significantly increased acceptance of violence
Study of straight college women, their porn habits and their views (Maas & Dewey, 2018)
Findings?
Greater consumption of internet porn associated with a) higher endorsement of rape myths and b) greater engagement in body monitoring
No differences in attitudes toward women
A caveat of sexual assault research is the underreporting of sexual assault. Why do victims choose not to report? (Perrault, 2015)
78% of victims consider their assault to be too minor to be worth reporting
58% feel that police wouldn’t have considered the incidence significant enough
52% because of a lack of evidence
43% felt that the incident was a private matter to be handled informally
What is the Integrative Model of Pornography Problems?
A model that proposes two pathways to pornography-related distress.
(The one with the funky flowchart)
What are the two pathways proposed by the Integrative Model of Pornography Problems?
The first pathway is through dysregulation, ie. an individual’s impulsivity, lack of self-control, sensations-seeking, poor emotional regulation, and coping deficits.
The second pathway is to moral incongruence, moral disapproval of pornography that can be impacted by religiousness, society, etc.
