Populations Flashcards
Population size =
No. individuals in selected quadrats /no. selected quadrats
X total no. quadrats
Population density
Population size/ area
X total no. quadrats
= no of individuals per m ^2
The number of that species per unit area
Proportion of marked organisms in the population is equal to the proportion of marked organisms in the sample
M/N = m/n
Population size estimated
N = Mn/m
N is
The population size to be estimated
M is
The number of members of the population that are captured initially and marked
n is
The number of members of the population that are present in the second capture
m is
The number of members of this second capture that are marked
Quadrats
Square or circular frame to mark out an area to be sampled
Transects
Is a line marked through an area of study (a rope or a piece of string)
Chose a line that has the most plants/immobile animal groups
Use them when the studied area is too big for quadrats
May not give an accurate representation of the diversity and populations of species
Capture-recapture
Technique for estimating a population size of mobile species
Relies on the captured sample redistributing equally throughout the population and being recaptured at the same frequency as individuals that have not been captured
Carrying capacity
The maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain
Determined by the amount of available resources (food, water, habitat)
Density dependence
As the density of individuals in a population increases, these individuals within the same species begin competing with each others or with other species for the available resources.
In which per capita population progressively fewer resources will be available to sustain it
Population dynamics
Refers to the ecological (biotic and abiotic) interactions that lead to fluctuations in population size. It includes how populations of a species change in size and structure over time
The abundance
Of a species is a specific measure of a populations size or density in an ecosystem. It’s not just a measure of the number of individuals; it includes specifically where in the habitat they live, breed or hunt