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BIOL UNIT 3 mrs thomas > Population Size & Ecosystems > Flashcards

Population Size & Ecosystems Flashcards

1
Q

Population

A

An interbreeding group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular habitat

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2
Q

Habitat

A

The physical environment where a particular population is found

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3
Q

Ecosystem

A

A community of living organisms (biotic) and the abiotic factors that influence them

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4
Q

Birth rate

A

Reproductive capacity of a population, number of new individuals derived from reproduction per unit time

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5
Q

Immigration

A

The movement of individuals into a population of the same species

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6
Q

Equilibrium Species

A

Species that control their population by competition rather than be reproduction and dispersal

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7
Q

Environmental resistance

A

Environmental factors that slow down population growth

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8
Q

Environment

A

Set of external conditions that surround an organism

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9
Q

Biotic

A

A part of the environment of an organism that is living

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10
Q

Abiotic

A

A part of the environment of an organism that is non living e.g. Air Temperatures oxygen availability

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11
Q

Carrying capacity

A

The max number around which a population fluctuated in a given environment

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12
Q

Niche

A

The place where an organism is found and it’s role in an ecosystem

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13
Q

Exponential

A

When the number of individuals in the population doubles per unit time

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14
Q

Abundance

A

The number of individuals in a species in a given area

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15
Q

Biomass

A

The mass of biological material in living organism

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16
Q

Tropic level

A

The number of times that energy has been transferred between the sun and successive organisms along a food chain

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17
Q

Saprobiont

A

A micro organism that obtains its food from the dead or decaying remains of other organisms

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18
Q

Gross primary productivity

A

The rate of production of chemical energy in organic molecules by photosynthesis in a given area at a given time

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19
Q

Net primary productivity

A

Energy in the plants biomass which is available to primary consumers

20
Q

What is GPP & NPP measured in

A

Kjm-2y-1

21
Q

Primary productivity

A

The rate at which energy is converted by producers into biomass

22
Q

Secondary productivity

A

The rate at which consumers convert the chemical energy of their food into biomass

23
Q

Succession

A

The change in structure and species composition of a community over time

24
Q

Climax community

A

A stable community that has reached equilibrium with its environment where no further change occurs

25
Q

Primary succession

A

The change in structure and species composition of a community over time in an area that has not been previously colonised

26
Q

Pioneer species

A

The first species to colonise a new area in an ecological succession

27
Q

Serial stage

A

The different stages in succession where particular communities dominate

28
Q

Secondary succession

A

The changes in a community following the disturbance or damage to a colonised habitat

29
Q

Mutualism

A

An interaction between organisms of two species from which both derive benefit

30
Q

Commensalism

A

An interaction between organisms of two species from which one benefits but the other is not affected

31
Q

Global Warming

A

The increase of average global temperature in excess of the greenhouse effect caused by the atmospheres historical concentration of carbon dioxide

32
Q

Carbon Footprint

A

The equivalent amount of carbon dioxide generated by an individual, product or a service in a year

33
Q

Nitrogen Fixation

A

The reduction of nitrogen atoms in nitrogen molecules to ammonium ions by prokaryotic organisms

34
Q

Eutrophication

A

The artificial enrichment of aquatic habitats by excess nutrients often caused by run off fertilisers

35
Q

What is interspecific competition

A

Competition between individuals of different species

36
Q

What is intraspecific competition

A

Competition between individuals of the same species

37
Q

What human activities lead to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

A

Burning of fossil fuels and deforestation

38
Q

What is putrefaction (ammonification)

A

Occurs when saprophytic bacteria metabolise the nitrogen containing organic matter in dead organisms faeces and urine and release ammonium ions

39
Q

Latin word for nitrites

A

Nitrosomonas

40
Q

Latin word for nitrites

A

Nitrobacter

41
Q

What is nitrification

A

Under aerobic condition nitrifying bacteria converts ammonia to nitrites and nitrites to nitrates

42
Q

What is denitrification

A

Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates and ammonium ions into atmospheric nitrogen - ANAerobic conidiotns
Removes nitrogen from ecosystems

43
Q

What is nitrogen fixation

A

Convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium ions, brought about by rhizobium and azotobacter

44
Q

What are the stages of the nitrogen cycle

A

Putrefaction
Nitrification
Detrification
Nitrogen fixation

45
Q

Tropic level

A

Is the position in a food chain

BIOL UNIT 3 mrs thomas (6 decks)

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