Population definitions Flashcards
Define birth rate
The number of births in a year, per 1000 population.
Define death rate
The number of deaths in a year, per 1000 population.
How is birth/death rate calculated?
By dividing the total number of births or deaths in a year by the population, then multiplying by 1000.
Define rate of natural increase
The number of people in a year by which a population increases or decreases, per 1000 population.
Define infant mortality rate
The number of deaths of infants (before their 1st birthday) in a year, per 1000 live births.
Define dependency ratio
The proportion of people who are not in work (under 16’s and over 65’s) who are dependent on the people who work.
Define fertility rate
The average number of children expected to be born to a woman over her lifetime.
What is the average fertility rate in UK?
1.66
What is the average fertility rate in Afghanistan?
5.5
Define replacement level
The number of children needed per couple to maintain a population size.
What is the average replacement level?
2.1
Define population density
The number of people living in an area, usually people/km squared,
What is the population density of the IOM?
149 people/km squared
Define exponential growth
Increase in a populations number or size, at a constantly growing rate.
Define carrying capacity
The maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely (given resources etc.)
