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Human Geography > Population Change > Flashcards

Population Change Flashcards

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1
Q

Why does population distribution mean?

A

Where people are and are not (the spread)

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2
Q

What is populations density?

A

Average amount of people per km2

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3
Q

Spare population- why do few people live in these places?

A

Harsh climate
Rocky land
Desert
No jobs

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4
Q

Dense population- why do people live in these areas?

A 
Jobs 
Industry
Farmland
Flat land
Good rainfall
Resources
Coasts
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5
Q

Why do people live in south east England not the north?

A 
Scotland-
Cold
Rain 
No transport
High ground
Rocky
London-
Warm 
Little rain 
Flat land
Good transport
4.5 hours or sun
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6
Q

Why do people live in eastern china not the west ?

A 
West- 
Bad transport
Desert
Non cultivated
Little jobs
Very cold
Little rain
High land
East-
Many trains
Greenland
30% cultivation 
Many jobs
Flat land
Warm 
Rainfall
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7
Q

What is meant by birth rate?

A

Number of births per 1000 people a year

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8
Q

What is meant by death rate?

A

Number of deaths per 1000 people per year

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9
Q

What is means by rate of increase?

A

Difference between brith and death rates per 1000 pe Kellie per year

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10
Q

What does it mean if there’s a high birth rate?

A

High infant mortality
No pensions
Access to contraception
Need children to earn money

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11
Q

What does it mean if there’s a low birth rate?

A

Government rules
No contraception
Drought
Women have jobs

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12
Q

What does it mean if there’s a high death rate?

A 
Famine 
High infant mortality 
Lack of clean water
Lack of contraception 
No sanitation 
War 
Drought
Lack of health care
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13
Q

What does it mean if a country has a low death rate?

A

Access to hospitals

Good harvest

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14
Q

What does the demographic transition model show?

A

Population change

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of stage 1 of the demographic transition model?

A

LIC

High birth rate
High death rate

Low population

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of stage 2 of the demographic transition model?

A

LIC

High birth rate
Decrease in deaths

Rising population

17
Q

What are the characteristics of stage 3 of the demographic transition model?

A

Mic

Birth rate decreasing
Death rate decreasing

Population increasing

18
Q

What are the characteristics of stage 4 of the demographic transition model?

A

Mic

Birth rate decreasing
Low death rate

Increasing population

19
Q

What are the characteristics of stage 5 of the demographic transition model?

A

HIC

Birth rate drops
Death rate low

Decreasing population

20
Q

Why was the 1 child policy introduced?

A 
Overcrowding 
Famine
Homeless and poverty 
Lack of jobs
Pollution from waste 
Drought
21
Q

Why were he incentives for having 1 child?

A

Child receives free health care and education

Country isn’t starved

22
Q

What are the disincentives of the 1 child policy?

A 
Person to report pregnancies 
Have to ask permission for baby 
24 to get married 
Granny patrol
Fine if you break policy 
Forced sterilisation 
Forced abortion 
Only get 1 card for 1 baby
23
Q

Why does Singapore want to increase their birth rate?

A

Women work long hours and so don’t think they can have time

Affording homes for families

24
Q

What are the incentives of having more kids in Singapore ?

A

Paid IVF
maternity and paternity leave
Paid health care ($3000 per child)
Paid for kids (1st/2nd $6000— 3rd/4th $8000)

25
Q

What is a census?

A

A survey of the population

26
Q

What is tenburys population?

A

Tenbury had a larger amount of over 45s than uks average

Tenbury has fewer younger people than uks average

27
Q

What does an LIC population pyramid look like ?

A

Wide base - high birth
Narrow top- high death

Due to Infant mortality and bad sanitation

28
Q

What does an HIC population pyramid look like?

A

Narrow base- low birth
Wide top- low death

Due to good sanitation and healthy care

29
Q

What is an example of a country with a youthful population? (Case study)

A

The Gambia, Africa

30
Q

What are the disadvantages of a youthful population?

A 
Social-
Schools have 2 shifts and 3000 people
New schools and hospitals needed
1 in 10 die before age of 5
Population doubles every 28 years

Economic-
70% under 25s with no job
70% live below poverty line
1 in 3 14 year olds work for family

Environmental-
Forests gone in 50 years
Lack of housing = shanty towns

31
Q

What are the advantages of a youthful population?

A

Social-
65% below 25 so new workers
45% below 14

Economic-
Growing market of goods and services

32
Q

What is our case study for a country with an ageing population?

A

Japan

33
Q

What are the positives of an ageing population?

A 
Long life expectancy (84)
New jobs for care 
Only 3% unemployed 
Robots assist companies
Training schools in Beijing
34
Q

What are the negative impacts of a country with an ageing population ?

A

2 million foreigners (200,000 illegal)
500,000 on waiting list for care
Hard to find worker 5 mil ages 15-24 used to be 8 mil
Biggest country with over 65s and under 15
Retirement ages from 60-65-70
50% of health care on elderly
Taxes increase

Human Geography (4 decks)

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