Population change Flashcards
Population distribution
1- Population density is the measure of the number of people per Km2. Global population is not distributed evenly. Some areas are densely populated (many people)
2- Sparsely populated (few people). Population distributed evolves over centuries. It is affected by three main factors: Physical Human Historical.
The demographic transition model
1- Birth rate = the number of live births per thousands per year
2- Death rate = the number of deaths per thousands per year
3- Migration = the movement of people in (immigrates) and out (emigrants) of a country
Birth rate stage 1 and 2
- little contraception
- children are seen as assets
- children are seen as status symbols
- children are needed to look elderly
Birth rate stage 3 (decreasing)
- widespread birth control
- smaller families preferred
- government policies introduced e.g. china
- expensive of bringing children up
Birth rate stage 4 and 5 (low)
- birth control
- working women delaying the age to start having a family
- pension readily available
- grey population reliant on smaller group of working population due to lower birth rates
Death rates stage 1 (high)
- infant mortality rate is high
- High incidences of disease
- poor housing and hygiene
- little or no health care
Death rates stage 2 and 3
- infant mortality rate is lower
- improved health care and hygiene
- safer water and better waste disposal
Death rates stage 4 and 5
- medical care is good
- old people’s homes and geriatric care is readily available
- pensions available to support people in old ages
Population in China = human factors
Human factors
- Economic growth = heavy investment in the 1990s drop industrial growth in the E and SE - textiles, plastics and wood products. Development of local ports encouraged the economic boom.
- Communication = growth of industry created transported networks. Ports such as Qingdao and Hong Kong encouraged high population densities due to employment.
Population change = physical factors
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