Population and Migration

Question 1

Why is the world’s population continuing to grow despite a decrease in the birth rate?

Answer 1

Because people’s life expectancy has increased

Question 2

What happens in stage 1 of the DTM and why?

Answer 2

High BR
High DR
Stable or slow increase in population
Many children to work on farms, high infant mortality rate, big families for religious/social encouragement, lack of family planning, lots of disease and famine, poor medical knowledge

Question 3

What happens in stage 2 of the DTM and why?

Answer 3

High BR
DR falls rapidly
Rapid increase in population
Many children to work land, high IMR, poor healthcare, religious/social reasons for big families, little/poor access to family planing, no contraception

Question 4

What happens in stage 3 of the DTM and why?

Answer 4

Falling BR
DR falls more slowly
Natural increase slows down
Improved medical care and diet, fewer children needed owing to lowering IMR, better healthcare (vaccines),

Question 5

What happens in stage 4 of the DTM and why?

Answer 5

Low BR
Low DR
Stable or slow natural increase
Better access to family planning, good healthcare, improving status of women, later marriages, higher divorce rates, reliable supply of food, emancipation of women

Question 6

What happens in stage 5 of the DTM and why?

Answer 6

Very low BR
Low DR
Slow decrease in population
Good family planning, good availability and knowledge of contraception, good healthcare, later marriages, reliable food supply

Question 7

Push factors for migrants

Answer 7

Natural disasters
High unemployment
Lack of access to work
Lack of healthcare
Poverty (due to low incomes)
War
Intolerance
Crime
Housing/land shortages
Famine

Question 8

Pull factors for migrants

Answer 8

Higher employment
Higher incomes
Food availability
Better healthcare
Better housing and education
Higher standard of living
Greater political stability
Tolerance
Less crime

Question 9

Economic migration

Answer 9

Someone who choses to move in search of better jobs, increasing their income and quality of life

Question 10

Voluntary migration

Answer 10

People who chose to move

Question 11

Involuntary migration

Answer 11

People who have to move, or they will face extreme hardship, persecution and even death

Question 12

Refugee

Answer 12

Someone who is unable to return to their home for fear of persecution or death

Question 13

Remittance

Answer 13

Funds sent by a migrant to their own country of origin to support their family or friends

Question 14

Positive impacts of migrants on the source country

Answer 14

Can send home money
Decreases pressure on jobs and resources
Migrants may return with new skills

Question 15

Positive impacts of migrants on the host country

Answer 15

Richer and more diverse country
Helps to reduce any labour shortages
Migrants are more prepared to take on low paid, low skilled jobs
Larger market for local businesses

Question 16

Negative impacts of migrants on the source country

Answer 16

People of working age move out reducing the size of the country’s potential workforce
Gender imbalances are caused as it is usually men who seek new jobs elsewhere, leaving women and children
‘Brain dead’ if many skilled workers leave

Question 17

Negative impacts of migrants on the host country

Answer 17

Increasing cost of services such as healthcare and education
Overcrowding
Disagreements between different religions and cultures