Population and migration Flashcards
What is a population
Total number of humans alive on earth at a given time
Why is the population growing
Developing countries have higher birth rates
Death rates have fallen in developed countries due to improved health care and medicines
More countries are now economically sound and developed
What is meant by birth rate
Number of babies born in a country per year
What is meant by death rate
Number of deaths per country per year
Birth and death rates are measure per how many people of the population
Per 1000
To calculate the natural increase in population what do you need to do
Birth rate - death rate
If the value for natural increase is negative what does this mean?
There are more deaths than births - the size of populations is decreasing
If the value of natural increase is positive what does this mean
There are more births than deaths and population is increasing
What are some features of a well developed country
Low birth rate
Low death rate
Small natural increase
What are some features of less developed country
High birth rate
High death rate
Large natural increase
What is population density
Measure of how many people live in a set area
How calculate population density
Number of people/ area (km2)
If have a high population density what does that mean
Lots of people in an area eg cities such as New York
If have low population density what does it mean
Few people - sparsely populated eg Australia outback, Amazon rainforest, desert
What is a chloropleth map
A map that is shaded used to show data eg population densities
What is population distribution
The way people are spread out over an area
What ways can a population be distributed
- Evenly spread over area
- Clustered in a specific location
- Randomly distributed
Give an example of a sparsely distributed area
Amazon rainforest
Too hot and wet for people
Difficult to access
Dense forest makes communication difficult and settlement difficult
Describe the habitat Antarctica
Too cold for people
No soil for crops
Snow and ice makes communication and settlement difficult
Sparsely populated
Describe the habitat Western Europe
Low lying land with gentl sloping land
Pleasant climate
Good water supply and soil for farming
Easy communication and many resources for industry
Densely populated
What type of population is Bangladesh
Densely populated
Ideal farming conditions
Good water supply
What is migration
The movement of people from one place to another
What do you call people who leave a place
Emmigrants
What do you call people who enter a place
Immigrants
What is the name of the place where people migrate from
The origin
What is the name of the place the people move to called
The destination
What is the term used for the part of the journey between the origin and the destination of migration
En route
What are the different types of migration
1 International - one country to another
2 Temporary- when people go to work for a short time in a different country
3 Internal - moving to different areas in the same country
4. Rural to urban - moving from country to city
5 Forced - made to leave country
What is a migrant worker
A person who migrated to pursue work eg internationally or internal
What is a refugee
A person forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution or natural disaster
What is an asylum seeker
A person who has left their country and is seeking protection from persecution and serious human rights violations in another country.
Are not legally recognised as a refugee
Waiting for decision on their asylum claim
Reasons why people migrate
1 choose to migrate - pull factor of another country eg USA
2 forced to migrate eg war, famine - push factor to leave the country eg syria
Examples of push factors to leave a country
High crime
Crop failure
Famine
Drought
Flooding
Poverty
War
No work
Examples of pull factors to go to a different country
Higher employment choices
More wealth
Better healthcare
Better services
Good climate
Safer
More fertile land
Lower risk of natural disasters
Case study on polish people immigrating to ireland
Country of origin - Poland
Positive impact - more jobs available for people left behind
- polish send back money to Poland which strengthens economy
Negative impact - fewer young people in Poland
Case study - impact on county of destination
Destination country - N Ireland
Positive - more migrants workers for employment
Migrants can bring specific skills eg scientific
Negative- some people view migrants as taking their jobs
- more polish speaking students at school so pressure on number of school places available
