Population

Question 1

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Answer 1

Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people

Question 2

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Answer 2

Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive

Question 3

Natural increase rate (NIR)

Answer 3

Percentage by which a population grows in a year

Question 4

Doubling time

Answer 4

Number of years needed to double a population

Question 5

Total fertility rate (FTR)

Answer 5

Average number of children a women will have throughout her child-bearing years

Question 6

Infant mortality rate (IMR)

Answer 6

Annual number of infants under 1 year of age compared to the total number of live births

Question 7

Life expectancy

Answer 7

The average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality levels

Question 8

Agricultural revolution

Answer 8

Demographic transition after 8000 BC

Time when humans first domesticated plants and animals (no longer relying on hunting and gathering)

Question 9

Industrial revolution

Answer 9

Demographic transition after 1750

Improvements in industrial technology and transportation

Question 10

Medical revolution

Answer 10

Demographic transition after 1950

Improvement in medical practice suddenly eliminated many of the traditional causes of death

Question 11

Zero population growth

Answer 11

Crude Birth Rate = Crude Death Rate

Question 12

Population pyramid

Answer 12

A graph showing the percentage of population in each 5-year age group

Question 13

Dependency ratio

Answer 13

Number of people who are either too young or too old to work compared to the number of people in their productive years. Below 15, above 64 years old.

Question 14

Sex ratio

Answer 14

Number of males per hundred females

Question 15

Demography

Answer 15

Study of how people are distributed spatially and by population characteristics

Question 16

Ecumene

Answer 16

Portion of the Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement

Question 17

Arithmetic density

Answer 17

Total number of objects in an area

Question 18

Physiologic density

Answer 18

Number of people supported by a unit area of arable land

Question 19

Agricultural density

Answer 19

Ratio of number of farmers per amount of arable land

Question 20

Overpopulation

Answer 20

Number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

Question 21

Demographic transition

Answer 21

The process of change in a society population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude and death rates, low natural increase, and a higher total population

Question 22

Epidemiologic transition

Answer 22

Distinctive cause of death in each stage of the demographic transition.