Population

Question 1

What does ‘Population density’ mean?

Answer 1

How many people there are per KM2

Question 2

What does ‘Population distribution’ mean?

Answer 2

How the population is spread out

Question 3

What does ‘Densely populated’ mean?

Answer 3

An area that has a lot of people per KM2

Question 4

What does ‘Sparsely populated’ mean?

Answer 4

An area that has few people per KM2

Question 5

What is a census?

Answer 5

A data collection carried out every 10 years.

Question 6

What does a census show?

Answer 6

• Age
• Gender
• Religion
• Job

Question 7

Use the case study of Romania to describe the features of population policies designed to increase the birth rate. Talk about the incentives and the disincentives.

Answer 7

Incentives:

• 30% decrease on income tax
• Increase on family allowances
• Financial reward

Disincentives:

• Jailed for abortion
• Banned contraceptives
• Tax on anyone childless over 25 years old

Question 8

Use the case study of China to describe the features of population policies designed to increase the birth rate. Talk about the incentives and the disincentives.

Answer 8

Incentives:

• Free healthcare and nursery education
• Permission card to have a baby

Disincentives

• Forced abortion
• Forced sterilisation
• Granny Police and Tell-Tales in factories
• Have to pay back healthcare an nursery education costs if you had a second child

Question 9

What does ‘Ageing population’ mean?

Answer 9

There is a higher proportion of older people in comparison to the rest of the population.

Question 10

What does ‘Youthful population’ mean?

Answer 10

A higher proportion of younger people (under 16s) in comparison to the rest of the population.

Question 11

What does ‘Dependency ratio’ mean?

Answer 11

The difference between the number of people under 16 and over 65, compared with the rest of the working population.

Question 12

Explain the positive and negatives impacts of an ageing population.

Answer 12

Positives

• Giving their time free d charge eg. charity work.
• Fewer workers leading to decline in unemployment.

Negative

• Fewer people working leading to less tax for government
• Increased cost of pensions
• People having to work longer eh. raising retirement age in the UK
• Increased cost of healthcare since older people need more medical care.

Question 13

Explain the positive and negative impacts of a youthful population.

Answer 13

Positives
- Increase in potential workforce leading to increased GDP

Negatives

• Increased cost of education and healthcare
• Increased rate of unemployment in the future
• Continued growth of birth rate in the future

Question 14

Explain the characteristic changes occurring in stage 3 of the demographic transition model.

Answer 14

Stage 3 characteristics:

• Birth Rate decreasing
• Death Rate Low
• Total Population is levelling or has levelled off
• Steady population experienced.

Reasons for changes seen in stage 3 are:

• Freedom of women – deciding to concentrate on their career
• Increased cost of children – material possessions become important
• Use of contraception increases giving the women the choice of how many children to have
• More industrial society means that less children are needed to work on farms and in agriculture.