Major clusters of settlement
- East Asia
- South Asia
- European
- Northeastern US/Southeastern Canada
Population geography
How population is related to the environment
- Distribution
- Migration
- Growth/decline
Environments with high population density
- Monsoon
- Mediterranean
- Temperate forest
Environments with low population density
- Desert
- Tundra
- Polar areas
Ways to measure population density
- Arithmetic: crude people per unit of land
- Physiological: people per unit of arable land
- Agricultural: number of rural people per arable unit of land
Three people that made hypothesis about population
Thomas Malthus
Esther Boserup
Paul Ehrlich
Stages of demographic transition
- Low growth
- High growth
- Moderate growth
- Stationary
- Negative
What is the difference between fertility and fecundity?
Fertility: number of children a woman has had
Fecundity: Physiological ability to have children (~15)
Factors of Infant Mortality rate:
- prenatal care
- rural or urban
- water/sanitation
- obesity, heart disease
Ecumene/nonecumene
Permanently inhabited parts of the world/uninhabited
Concave pyramid indicates:
Expansive growth, death rate is dropping
Rounded pyramid indicates:
Stable/stationary population, average age is increasing
Tapered pyramid:
Declining population, decrease in fertility
What is Dependency Ratio?
A measure of the productive capacity of a population taken by dividing the productive segment of the population by the dependent segment
Consequences of an aging population
- Stress on old age social benefits
- Stress on economy: decline of working age people
