Population Flashcards
Describe 2 factors affecting low birth rate
- Low infant mortality rate
* Compulsory education for girls
Describe 2 factors affecting high birth rate
- Children needed to bring in income
* High infant mortality rate
Describe 2 factors affecting low death rate
- Clean water supply
* Reliable food source
Describe 2 factors affecting high death rate
- Lack of clean water - can spread cholera
* Unreliable food source - failed crops
Describe 3 impacts of a youthful/growing population
- Lack of food - malnutrition
- Increase in shanty towns
However
• Larger workforce - attract industry
Describe 3 impacts of an ageing/declining population
- Care services needed for OAPs
- Fewer tax payers
However
• Lower unemployment
Describe 2 management techniques for a youthful/growing population
- Laws limiting family sizes e.g. China
* More education on contraception
Describe 2 management techniques for an ageing/declining population
- Higher taxes as there are fewer to pay
* Increased pension age (UK up to 68)
Describe 2 human factors affecting population distribution
- Areas torn by civil war will deter people from moving there
- Lack of investment in education = unskilled workforce = lack of employment will deter people
Describe 2 physical factors affecting population distribution
- Extreme climates - difficult to grow crops
* Mountainous areas are difficult to build on and access
Describe 2 social indicators of population development
- Birth rate per 1000 people - gives an idea of infant mortality and education for girls
- % of people with access to clean water - gives an idea of levels of disease
Describe 2 economic indicators of population development
- GNI (Gross National Income) per capita - total country’s income divided by population
- % of people working on farms - gives an idea of education levels and jobs available
