Population

Question 1

Define Distribution

Answer 1

the way people are spread out throughout the earths surface

Question 2

how is distribution shown

Answer 2

dot map

Question 3

sparsely populated = ?

Answer 3

thinly populated or high population density

Question 4

define density

Answer 4

number of people living in a specific are

Question 5

how is density calculated

Answer 5

total population/area

Question 6

how is density shown

Answer 6

choropoeth map

Question 7

what is fertility rate

Answer 7

the number of children a woman is expected to bear during her lifetime

Question 8

what is birth rate

Answer 8

number of births during a specific time

Question 9

how is birth rate calculated

Answer 9

(births/population)x1000

Question 10

what is death rate

Answer 10

number of deaths during a specific time

Question 11

how is birth rate calculated

Answer 11

(deaths/population)x1000

Question 12

how do you calculate natural increase/decrease

Answer 12

look at demographic transition model

Question 13

life expectancy is?

Answer 13

age someone is expected to live to

Question 14

dependancy ratio is?

Answer 14

non economically active / economically active

Question 15

what does a population pyramid show

Answer 15

distribution of various age groups in a population (country or region)

Question 16

different population pyramid stges

Answer 16

stage 1: expanding
stage 2: expanding
stage 3: stationary
stage 4: contracting

Question 17

demographic transition model?

Answer 17

shows relationship between births and death rates. describes how over a period of tome a sequence of change in population takes place

Question 18

example and stage 1 of DTM

Answer 18

high changes between birth and death rates

eg. few far apart groups

Question 19

stage 2 and examples of DTM

Answer 19

birth rate high death rate falling rapidly

eg egypt kenya india

Question 20

stage 3 and example of DTM

Answer 20

birth rate falling rapidly death rate falling slower

eg. brazil

Question 21

stage 4 and examples of DTM

Answer 21

birth rate falling slower death rate falling very slow

eg. usa uk france japan

Question 22

stage 5 and examples of DTM

Answer 22

slight fall in birth rate death rate stable

eg germany

Question 23

3 problems facing country of an ageing population

Answer 23

greater demand in services (pensions health care residential homes)&raquo_space; paid by smaller proportion of people of working age

increasing amount of money for residential homes and sheltered accomodations and health care eg. free bus passes or prescriptions

increasing dependance on economically active to provide consumer goods and services and money through taxation

less money for younger age groups eg. education social amenities and improvements in transport

Question 24

3 problems facing the eldrely with an ageing population

Answer 24

many have to live alone specially women when husband dies

most can’t afford residential homes (2000euros a month) others can only afford by selling homes or using life savings

long waits for hospital eg. hip replacements

those willing and fit enough to work often face prejudice and bias due to age

urban areas: scared of crime and traffic
rural areas: no transport&raquo_space; can’t get to hospital doctors and shops

Question 25

3 reasons why life expectancy has increased

Answer 25

improvements in hygiene and health education

improvement in primary health care

development of medicine

better diet (quality and quantity)

advances in medical knowledge

Question 26

consequences of young rapidly expanding populations

Answer 26

rapid increases in a population can lead to overpopulation
•LEDCs will not have enough medicine and shit
•not enough housing» homeless people
•not enough space for all children to have an education
• job opportunities taken&raquo_space; people with no jobs&raquo_space; difficulty to provide food or shelter for them and or family

birth rates higher in LEDC as couples need many children to help with work.. if all families have many kids there will not be enough food and water eventually and also may lead to gendercide

government spends more money on facilities such as school therefore losing money

Question 27

Factors Affecting Distribution and Density

Answer 27

Relief
Climate
Vegetation
Soil
Natural Routes
Water Supply
Natural Resources

Economical
Political
Social