Population Flashcards
Demographic transition model
Stage 1
High stationary
> birth rates high due to lack of contraception
> death rates high due to bad diets
> population grows very slow
Demographic transition model
Stage 2
Early expanding
> birth rates high as children are needed for labour
> death rates fall due to improvements in diets
> population grows rapidly
Demographic transition model
Stage 3
Late expanding
> birth rates fall due to urban areas (less need for child labour)
> death rates low due to good diets and healthcare
> population grows more slowly
Demographic transition model
Stage 4
Low stationary
> birth rates low as women’s rights improve, and contraception becomes easily available
> death rates are low due to high quality healthcare
> population is stable
Demographic transition model
Stage 5
Declining
> birthrates fall as women choose higher education and careers over having children
> death rate low due to continued education advances
> population declines slowly
Population structure
The make-up of a population in terms of age, sex and life expectancy. They’re shown in population pyramids
Population policies
Aimed at ensuring sustainable development for the future
Impacts of population change
Resources - demand for food, water etc
Services - hospitals, schools, housing
Pollution - air, water and land pollution
Ageing population
Life Expectancy is increasing due to better health care, whilst birthrates are falling
Birth control
Contraception, abortion
Migration
Move era of people form country of origin to another place
Push factors
Force or encourage people to leave a place
Pull factors
Attract people to a place
Deported
Illegal migrants are returned to their country of origin
Urbanisation
Rural to urban migration is the movement of people from the countryside to cities
